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The effect of recovery or weekend \u2018catch\u2010up\u2019 sleep on insulin sensitivity and metabolically active hormones in individuals with chronic sleep restriction who regularly \u2018catch\u2010up\u2019 on sleep at weekends is as yet unstudied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>19 men (mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEM<\/jats:styled-content> age 28\u00b76\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02\u00b70\u00a0years, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> 26\u00b70\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b78\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) with at least 6\u00a0months\u2019 history (5\u00b71\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00\u00b79\u00a0years) of lifestyle\u2010driven, restricted sleep during the working week (373\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06\u00b76\u00a0min\/night) with regular weekend \u2018catch\u2010up\u2019 sleep (weekend sleep extension 37\u00b74\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02\u00b73%) completed an in\u2010laboratory, randomized, crossover study comprising two of three conditions, stratified by age. Conditions were 3\u00a0weekend nights of 10 hours, 6 hours or 10\u00a0hours time\u2010in\u2010bed with slow wave sleep (SWS) suppression using targeted acoustic stimuli.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Insulin sensitivity was measured in the morning following the 3rd intervention night by minimal modelling of 19 samples collected during a 2\u2010h oral glucose tolerance test. Glucose, insulin, c\u2010peptide, leptin, peptide <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">YY<\/jats:styled-content> (PYY), ghrelin, cortisol, testosterone and luteinizing hormone (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LH<\/jats:styled-content>) were measured from daily fasting blood samples; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HOMA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IR<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> HOMA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b2 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QUICKI<\/jats:styled-content> were calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Insulin sensitivity was higher following three nights of sleep extension compared to sustained sleep restriction. Fasting insulin, c\u2010peptide, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HOMA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IR<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> HOMA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b2, leptin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PYY<\/jats:styled-content> decreased with \u2018catch\u2010up\u2019 sleep, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QUICKI<\/jats:styled-content> and testosterone increased, while morning cortisol and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LH<\/jats:styled-content> did not change. Targeted acoustic stimuli reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SWS<\/jats:styled-content> by 23%, but did not alter insulin sensitivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three nights of \u2018catch\u2010up\u2019 sleep improved insulin sensitivity in men with chronic, repetitive sleep restriction. Methods to improve metabolic health by optimizing sleep are plausible.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,14]],"date-time":"2015-02-14T06:24:51Z","timestamp":1423895091000},"page":"498-507","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Metabolic and hormonal effects of \u2018catch\u2010up\u2019 sleep in men with chronic, repetitive, lifestyle\u2010driven sleep restriction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Roo","family":"Killick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NHMRC Centre for Integrated Research and Understanding of Sleep Woolcock Institute of Medical Research University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla M.","family":"Hoyos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHMRC Centre for Integrated Research and Understanding of 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