{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T11:56:43Z","timestamp":1773835003071,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,7]],"date-time":"2015-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Context<\/jats:title>\n \n Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (\n PSIS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is a rare cause of combined pituitary hormone deficiency characterized by a triad shown in pituitary imaging, yet it has never been evaluated due to the visibility of pituitary stalk (\n PS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in imaging findings.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n The major objective of the study was to systematically describe the disease including clinical presentations, imaging findings and to estimate the severity of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency based on the visibility of the\n PS<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n This was a retrospective study including 74 adult patients with\n PSIS<\/jats:styled-content>\n in Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases between January 2010 and June 2014. Sixty had invisible\n PS<\/jats:styled-content>\n according to the findings on\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n , while the rest had a thin or intersected\n PS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Basic characteristics and hormonal status were compared.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Of the 74 patients with\n PSIS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , age at diagnosis was 25 (22\u201328) years. Absent pubertal development (97\u00b73%) was the most common presenting symptom, followed by short stature. Insulin tolerance test (\n ITT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and gonadotrophin\u2010releasing hormone (\n G<\/jats:styled-content>\n n\n RH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) stimulation test were used to evaluate the function of anterior pituitary. The prevalence of isolated deficiency in growth hormone (\n GH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), gonadotrophins, corticotrophin and thyrotrophin were 100%, 97\u00b72%, 88\u00b72% and 70\u00b73%, respectively. Although the ratio of each deficiency did not vary between patients with invisible\n PS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and with visible\n PS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , panhypopituitarism occurred significantly more frequent in patients with invisible\n PS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Patients with invisible\n PS<\/jats:styled-content>\n had significantly lower levels of luteinizing hormone (\n LH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), follicle stimulation hormone (\n FSH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and hormones from targeted glands including morning cortisol, 24\u2010h urine free cortisol, free triiodothyronine (\n FT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3), free thyroxine (\n FT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4) and testosterone (T) in male than patients with visible\n PS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Moreover, patients with invisible\n PS<\/jats:styled-content>\n had lower peak\n LH<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n FSH<\/jats:styled-content>\n in\n G<\/jats:styled-content>\n n\n RH<\/jats:styled-content>\n stimulation test, and higher peak cortisol in\n ITT<\/jats:styled-content>\n while peak\n GH<\/jats:styled-content>\n remained unchanged between two groups.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n The prevalence of multiple anterior pituitary hormone deficiency was high in adult patients with\n PSIS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . And more importantly, we found the visibility of\n PS<\/jats:styled-content>\n shown on\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n might be an indication of the severity of\n PSIS<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,4]],"date-time":"2015-04-04T04:15:39Z","timestamp":1428120939000},"page":"369-376","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Relationship between pituitary stalk (\n PS<\/scp>\n ) visibility and the severity of hormone deficiencies:\n PS<\/scp>\n interruption syndrome revisited"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Weiqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao\u2010Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"},{"name":"Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Institute of Health Science Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao\u2010Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiran","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao\u2010Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fuhua","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Ruijin Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tingwei","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao\u2010Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao\u2010Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao\u2010Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao\u2010Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 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