{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:34:14Z","timestamp":1787506454388,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]],"date-time":"2015-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n Thyroid storm (\n TS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is a life\u2010threatening endocrine emergency. This study aimed to achieve a better understanding of the management of\n TS<\/jats:styled-content>\n by analyzing therapeutic modalities and prognoses reported by nationwide surveys performed in Japan.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, patients and measurements<\/jats:title>\n \n Retrospective analyses were performed on clinical parameters, outcomes, and treatments in 356\n TS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Patient disease severities assessed via Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (\n APACHE<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\n II<\/jats:styled-content>\n and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (\n SOFA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) scores significantly correlated with mortality. Free triiodothyronine (\n FT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3) and the\n FT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3\/free thyroxine (\n FT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4) ratio inversely correlated with disease severity. Methimazole (\n MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) was used in the majority of patients (78\u00b71%), and there were no significant differences in mortality or disease severity between those treated with\n MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n and those receiving propylthiouracil (\n PTU<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Patients who received inorganic iodide (\n KI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) demonstrated higher disease severity but no change in mortality compared to those who did not. Patients treated with corticosteroids (\n CS<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) demonstrated significantly higher disease severity and mortality than those who were not. Disease severity in patients treated with intravenous administration of beta\u2010adrenergic antagonists (\n AA<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) was significantly higher than those treated with oral preparations, although no significant difference in mortality was observed between these groups. In addition, mortality was significantly higher in patients treated with non\u2010selective beta\u2010\n AA<\/jats:styled-content>\n s as compared with other types of beta\u2010\n AA<\/jats:styled-content>\n s.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n In Japan,\n MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n was preferentially used in\n TS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and showed no disadvantages compared to\n PTU<\/jats:styled-content>\n . In severe\n TS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , multimodal treatment, including administration of antithyroid drugs,\n KI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n CS<\/jats:styled-content>\n s and selective beta\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n \u2010\n AA<\/jats:styled-content>\n s may be preferable to improve outcomes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12949","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,21]],"date-time":"2015-09-21T07:15:47Z","timestamp":1442819747000},"page":"912-918","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Treatment and management of thyroid storm: analysis of the nationwide surveys"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Osamu","family":"Isozaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo Women's Medical University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsurou","family":"Satoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Gunma Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Wakino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keio University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujita Health University Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadao","family":"Iburi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tenri Hospital Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumiko","family":"Tsuboi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toho University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naotetsu","family":"Kanamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan"},{"name":"Osaka City General Hospital Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kansai Medical University Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Furukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wakayama Medical University Wakayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Teramukai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Akamizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wakayama Medical University Wakayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"481","volume-title":"Werner's and Ingbar's the Thyroid","author":"Wartofsky 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the Japan Thyroid Association and Japan Endocrine Society for the establishment of diagnostic criteria and nationwide surveys for thyroid storm"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cen.12949"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.12949","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0664","1365-2265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0664","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]]}}}