{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T23:02:29Z","timestamp":1772578949818,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,9]],"date-time":"2017-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1507507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23HD068552"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23HD068552"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immunomodulatory therapies, including <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 inhibitors, provide a directed attack against cancer cells by preventing T cell deactivation. However, these drugs also prevent the downregulation of auto\u2010reactive T cells, resulting in immune\u2010related adverse events (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>s). Reports show a varied incidence of endocrine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>s, ranging from 0% to 63%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the frequency and clinical characteristics of endocrine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>s in patients taking cancer immunomodulatory therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 388 patients aged \u226518\u00a0years who were prescribed ipilimumab, nivolumab and\/or pembrolizumab between 2009 and 2016 at our institution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biochemical criteria were used to define endocrine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>s, including thyroid, pituitary, pancreas and adrenal dysfunction, following use of immunomodulatory therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty endocrine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>s occurred in our cohort, corresponding to a rate of 12.9%. The most common endocrine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>s were thyroid dysfunction (11.1%), with a lower incidence of pituitary dysfunction (1.8% of patients).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over 12% of patients receiving ipilimumab, nivolumab and\/or pembrolizumab in our study sample developed an endocrine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>. Patients who undergo treatment with immunomodulatory therapies should be monitored for the development of endocrine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRAE<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,23]],"date-time":"2017-09-23T14:16:43Z","timestamp":1506176203000},"page":"327-332","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Endocrinopathies with use of cancer immunotherapies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0366-3155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie M.","family":"Villa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine  Los\u00a0Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abtin","family":"Farahmand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics UCLA Fielding School of Public Health  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael W.","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Endocrine Surgery UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Smooke\u2010Praw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Department of Medicine UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoni","family":"Ribas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Medicine UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bartosz","family":"Chmielowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Medicine UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Cherry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Medicine UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela M.","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Department of Medicine UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine  Los Angeles CA USA"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Department of Medicine VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-4075"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2015.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00083-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1503093"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1302369"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13297","article-title":"Thyroid abnormalities following the use of CTLA\u20104 and PD\u20101 inhibitors in the treatment of melanoma","volume":"86","author":"Morganstein DL","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2300"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603702"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2016-0028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606774"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1507643"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1602252"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"70","article-title":"Hashitoxicosis \u2013 three cases and a review of the literature","volume":"4","author":"Alexander I","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Endocrinol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-13-0499"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.4059"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.53.0105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160221"}],"container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcen.13483","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cen.13483","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T10:48:51Z","timestamp":1695552531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cen.13483"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,9]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cen.13483"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.13483","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0664","1365-2265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0664","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,9]]}}}