{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T14:12:41Z","timestamp":1790777561912,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,26]],"date-time":"2018-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 DK094176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 DK094176"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 DK094157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 DK094157"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK098129"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK098129"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n Women with type 1 diabetes have increased risk of infertility compared to women without diabetes even after adjustment for irregular menses, but aetiologies are incompletely understood. Our aim was to examine the prevalence of abnormalities in ovarian markers consistent with polycystic ovary syndrome in women with type 1 diabetes and associations with irregular menses and diabetes\u2010specific variables.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Patients and Measurements<\/jats:title>\n \n We conducted a secondary analysis of women in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial\/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study (\n DCCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n EDIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), a randomized trial and observational follow\u2010up of intensive insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes. We included women with anti\u2010M\u00fcllerian hormone (\n AMH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) measurements among women not using oral contraceptives (n\u00a0=\u00a0187). Initial\n AMH<\/jats:styled-content>\n and testosterone measures were performed between\n EDIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n years 1 and 4. History of irregular menses was assessed annually.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The median age of women was 35 (interquartile ratio 29, 40) years; 133 (35%) had elevated\n AMH<\/jats:styled-content>\n and 62 (17%) reported irregular menses. Twelve per cent of women had relative elevations in total testosterone. In multivariable models, lower insulin dosages were associated with higher\n AMH<\/jats:styled-content>\n concentrations (\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\u00a0.0027), but not diabetes duration, glycemic control, body mass index or irregular menses. Neither irregular menses nor diabetes\u2010specific variables were associated with testosterone concentrations.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Among women with type 1 diabetes in their thirties, abnormalities in ovarian markers are common and not associated with irregular menses and thus may partially account for decreased fecundity in women with type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]],"date-time":"2018-01-04T09:29:49Z","timestamp":1515058189000},"page":"453-459","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Ovarian markers and irregular menses among women with type 1 diabetes in the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9237-0532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Epidemiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.S.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Maryland Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.H.","family":"Braffett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biostatistics Center George Washington University Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Biostatistics Center George Washington University Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.L.","family":"Arends","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.K.","family":"Saenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Barnie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mt. Sinai Hospital University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.V.","family":"Sarma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the EDIC Research Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3376-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-012-2731-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-2003-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2574"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.10.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-1890"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"370","article-title":"The physiology and clinical utility of anti\u2010Mullerian hormone in women","volume":"20","author":"Dewailly D","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03343739"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Gynecologic Practice and Practice Committee.Female age\u2010related fertility decline. 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