{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T03:18:05Z","timestamp":1789010285548,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,15]],"date-time":"2018-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1521072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma arginine\u2010vasopressin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AVP<\/jats:styled-content>) analysis can help in the differential diagnosis of the polyuria\u2010polydipsia syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPS<\/jats:styled-content>), even if such investigation is hampered by technical difficulties, conversely to its surrogate copeptin. This study aims to enlarge the existing data on normal copeptin levels in childhood, to evaluate the correlation between copeptin, serum sodium and plasma and urine osmolality, and to assess the utility of the copeptin analysis in the diagnostic work\u2010up of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPS<\/jats:styled-content> in the paediatric age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma copeptin levels were evaluated in 53 children without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AVP<\/jats:styled-content> disorders (control population), in 12 hypopituitaric children and in 15 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPS<\/jats:styled-content> after water deprivation test (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WDT<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean basal copeptin levels were 5.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.56 (range 2.4\u20108.6\u00a0pmol\/L) in the control population, 2.61\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.49\u00a0pmol\/L in the hypopituitaric children with complete diabetes insipidus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDI<\/jats:styled-content>) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04) and 6.21\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.17\u00a0pmol\/L in the hypopituitaric patients without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DI<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.02). After <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WDT<\/jats:styled-content>, among 15 na\u00efve polyuric\/polydipsic children, copeptin values greater than 20\u00a0pmol\/L allowed to identify nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NDI<\/jats:styled-content>), concentrations below 2.2\u00a0pmol\/L complete central <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DI<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCDI<\/jats:styled-content>) and between 5 and 20\u00a0pmol\/L primary polydipsia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PP<\/jats:styled-content>). Copeptin cut\u2010off level of 3.5\u00a0pmol\/L distinguished <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDI<\/jats:styled-content> from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PP<\/jats:styled-content>, with a sensitivity and specificity of 75% and 83.3%, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Copeptin evaluation holds promises as a diagnostic tool in paediatric <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPS<\/jats:styled-content>; its interpretation might be useful to promptly distinguish <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NDI<\/jats:styled-content>, even avoiding the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WDT<\/jats:styled-content> need.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T20:22:37Z","timestamp":1519244557000},"page":"873-879","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Copeptin role in polyuria\u2010polydipsia syndrome differential diagnosis and reference range in paediatric age"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5862-8958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerdi","family":"Tuli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Endocrinology Regina Margherita Children's Hospital  Turin Italy"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences University of Turin  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Tessaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Endocrinology Regina Margherita Children's Hospital  Turin Italy"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences University of Turin  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Einaudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Endocrinology Regina Margherita Children's Hospital  Turin Italy"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences University of Turin  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Matarazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Endocrinology Regina Margherita Children's Hospital  Turin Italy"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences University of Turin  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"De Sanctis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Endocrinology Regina Margherita Children's Hospital  Turin Italy"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences University of Turin  Turin 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