{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T13:07:04Z","timestamp":1785762424750,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LY13H040010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY13H040010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ18H040002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ18H040002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal vitamin D deficiency is associated with glucose and lipid metabolism in the mother and offspring. Meanwhile, it can also lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this case\u2010control study was to document maternal, umbilical arterial glucose and lipid metabolic levels and correlations in pregnancies with or without vitamin D deficiency, while also investigating adverse pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design\/Participants\/Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 425 pregnant women who received antenatal care and delivered at Wenzhou People's Hospital were enrolled. According to their <jats:bold>serum 25\u2010hydroxyvitamin D<\/jats:bold> [25(OH)D] level, the pregnant women were divided into the vitamin D deficiency group [25(OH)D\u00a0&lt;\u00a020\u00a0ng\/mL, 185 participants] and the control group [25(OH)D\u00a0\u2265\u00a020\u00a0ng\/mL, 240 participants]. Maternal blood samples were collected at 24\u201028\u00a0weeks of gestation and delivery for 75\u2010g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and measurements of glucose and lipid <jats:bold>metabolite<\/jats:bold> levels and 25(OH)D levels. Umbilical arterial samples were collected during delivery (33.57\u201041.43 gestational weeks).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with control participants, vitamin D deficiency women had significantly higher concentrations of fasting blood\u2010glucose (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01), 1\u2010h OGTT plasma glucose (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01), 2\u2010h OGTT plasma glucose (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01), insulin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01), HOMA\u2010IR (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01), LDL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01) and triglycerides (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.02) and lower concentrations of HOMA\u2010S (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). Compared with the control group, vitamin D deficiency women had higher concentrations of triglycerides (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01) and lower concentrations of HDL\u2010C (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01) and HOMA\u2010\u03b2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.01) in infant umbilical arterial blood. Pearson's correlation analysis demonstrated that the maternal 25(OH)D level was negatively correlated with maternal plasma glucose, insulin, LDL\u2010C, cholesterol, triglyceride and HOMA\u2010IR (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u2212.38, \u2212.27, \u2212.2, \u2212.11, \u2212.11, \u2212.33 and .11; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01, &lt;.01, &lt;.01, &lt;.05, &lt;.05 and &lt;.01, respectively), while there was a positive correlation between maternal serum 25(OH)D and HOMA\u2010S (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.11, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). The triglyceride level in the umbilical artery was negatively correlated with maternal serum 25(OH)D concentration (<jats:italic>r\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0\u2212.286, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01), while the HDL\u2010C and HOMA\u2010\u03b2 in umbilical artery were positively related (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.154, .103, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). Compared with the control group, the incidences of pre\u2010eclampsia [4.8% (9\/185) vs 1.25% (3\/240), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.03], gestational diabetes mellitus [19.45% (36\/185) vs 12.08% (29\/240), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04] and premature rupture of membranes [15.68% (29\/185) vs 5.42% (13\/240), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01] were higher in the vitamin D deficiency group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is associated with maternal glucose and lipid metabolism and pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, it is worth recommending to maintain <jats:bold>vitamin D status<\/jats:bold> at an optimal level in pregnant women to prevent metabolic disorders and pregnancy complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,26]],"date-time":"2020-07-26T08:20:13Z","timestamp":1595751613000},"page":"713-720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The relationship between maternal vitamin D deficiency and glycolipid metabolism and adverse pregnancy outcome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Hai\u2010Ying","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou People\u2019s Hospital Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Wenzhou 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