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Obesity is associated with relative growth hormone (GH) deficiency, and data from animal studies and from humans with pituitary GH deficiency suggest a role for GH deficiency in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The effects of GH on NAFLD in those with obesity are unknown, however, prompting this pilot study to assess effects of GH administration on measures of NAFLD in young adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010four men and women aged 18\u201329\u00a0years with BMI\u00a0\u2265\u00a030\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, hepatic fat fraction (HFF)\u00a0\u2265\u00a05% on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H\u2010MRS) and insulin\u2010like growth factor 1 (IGF\u20101) z\u2010score\u00a0\u2264\u00a00 were randomized to treatment with recombinant human GH (rhGH) versus no treatment for 24\u00a0weeks. The primary endpoint was change in HFF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to no treatment, the effect size of rhGH on absolute HFF over 24\u00a0weeks was \u22123.3% (95% confidence interval: \u22127.8%, 1.2%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.14). At 24\u00a0weeks, HFF\u00a0&lt;\u00a05% was achieved in 5 of 9 individuals receiving rhGH versus 1 of 9 individuals receiving no treatment (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04). rhGH did not significantly reduce ALT, AST or GGT. Serum IGF\u20101 increased as expected with rhGH treatment, and there were no changes in fasting lipids, C\u2010reactive protein, fasting glucose or 2\u2010h glucose following an oral glucose tolerance test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from this pilot study suggest that rhGH treatment in young adults with obesity and NAFLD may have benefits to reduce liver fat content, although larger studies are needed to confirm this effect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,10]],"date-time":"2020-10-10T07:46:57Z","timestamp":1602316017000},"page":"183-192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Effect of recombinant human growth hormone on liver fat content in young adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Chelsea 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