{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T14:56:32Z","timestamp":1763564192186},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81774248","82074359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81774248","82074359"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Context<\/jats:title><jats:p>The previous studies showed that hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) occurred commonly in men with type 2 diabetes. However, since all the cohorts tested were from American and European studies, the occurrence of HH\/nongonadal illness (NGI) in Chinese populations is unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study aimed to explore the occurrence of HH\/NGI in Chinese men with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the correlative factors and predictors of hypogonadism were investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional study of 637 Chinese men with type 2 diabetes aged 20\u201375 years in our clinic. The prevalence of HH\/NGI was investigated by measuring serum total testosterone (TT), sex hormone\u2010binding globulin (SHBG), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle\u2010stimulating hormone (FSH) in the enrolled subjects. Free testosterone (FT) was calculated by using SHBG and TT levels and hypogonadism was defined as TT lower than 10.4\u2009nmol\/L and calculated FT (cFT) lower than 0.225\u2009nmol\/L. The LH cut\u2010off value for defining HH\/NGI was 9.4\u2009mIU\/ml.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggested that 31.9% of male Chinese type 2 diabetes patients had hypogonadism and 26.5% of subjects in our cohort were determined as HH\/NGI. The occurrence of hypogonadism was markedly correlated with body mass index (BMI). There was a significant association between TT, cFT and SHBG levels with BMI. TT levels are inversely correlated with BMI and homeostasis model assessment\u2010estimated insulin resistance (HOMA\u2010IR) while positively related with SHBG. The cFT levels were inversely correlated with age, LH, FSH, BMI and HOMA\u2010IR. Multiple regression analysis suggested that SHBG, BMI and HOMA\u2010IR were significant predictors of TT and cFT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our present study offered the first evidence that the occurrence of HH\/NGI in Chinese male type 2 diabetes was 26.5%. TT and cFT were significantly correlated with BMI, SHBG and HOMA\u2010IR in Chinese men with type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T06:16:05Z","timestamp":1643091365000},"page":"837-846","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The occurrence of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in Chinese men with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Yuexin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruina","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Jiangsu 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