{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T02:21:12Z","timestamp":1788402072173,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) patients with glucocorticoids is often challenging since there is a delicate balance between over\u2010 and undertreatment. Treatment can be monitored noninvasively by measuring salivary androstenedione (A4) and 17\u2010hydroxyprogesterone (17\u2010OHP). Optimal treatment monitoring requires the establishment of reference values in saliva.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A descriptive study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For this study saliva of 255 healthy paediatric and adult volunteers with an age range of 4\u201375 years old was used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We developed a sensitive liquid chromatography\u2010tandem mass spectrometry method, assessed salivary A4 and 17\u2010OHP stability, and measured A4 and 17\u2010OHP concentrations in saliva collected in the morning, afternoon, and evening.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We quantified A4 and 17\u2010OHP concentrations in the morning, afternoon, and evening and demonstrated that there is a significant rhythm with the highest levels in the morning and decreasing levels over the day. A4 and 17\u2010OHP concentrations display an age\u2010dependent pattern. These steroids remain stable in saliva at ambient temperature for up to 5 days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Good stability of the steroids in saliva enables saliva collection by the patient at home. Since salivary A4 and 17\u2010OHP display a diurnal rhythm and age\u2010dependent pattern, we established reference values for both children and adults at three time points during the day. These reference values support treatment monitoring of children and adults with CAH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]],"date-time":"2022-02-12T06:59:47Z","timestamp":1644649187000},"page":"36-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Diurnal salivary androstenedione and 17\u2010hydroxyprogesterone levels in healthy volunteers for monitoring treatment efficacy of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1439-236X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bas P. H.","family":"Adriaansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Health Sciences Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Amalia Children's Hospital Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes S.","family":"Kamphuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology Gelre Hospitals Apeldoorn The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2139-9076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariska A. M.","family":"Schr\u00f6der","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Amalia Children's Hospital Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 J.","family":"Olthaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Health Sciences Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Bock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Health Sciences Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Brandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Health Sciences Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nike M. M. L.","family":"Stikkelbroeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eef G. W. M.","family":"Lentjes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Diagnostic Laboratory University Medical Centre Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul N.","family":"Span","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fred C. G. 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