{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T06:43:23Z","timestamp":1787726603054,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Most pituitary tumours occur sporadically without a genetically identifiable germline abnormality, a small but increasing proportion present with a genetic defect that predisposes to pituitary tumour development, either isolated (e.g.,\u00a0aryl hydrocarbon receptor\u2010interacting protein,\n                      <jats:italic>AIP<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) or as part of a tumour\u2010predisposing syndrome (e.g.,\u00a0multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1, Carney complex, McCune\u2010Albright syndrome or pituitary tumour and paraganglioma association). Genetic alterations in sporadic pituitary adenomas may include somatic mutations (e.g.,\n                      <jats:italic>GNAS, USP8<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). In this review, we take a practical approach: which genetic syndromes should be considered in case of different presentation, such as tumour type, family history, age of onset and additional clinical features of the patient.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Review of the recent literature in the field of genetics of pituitary tumours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Genetic testing in the management of pituitary disease is recommended in a significant minority of the cases. Understanding the genetic basis of the disease helps to identify patients and at\u2010risk family members, facilitates early diagnosis and therefore better long\u2010term outcome and opens up new pathways leading to tumorigenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We provide a concise overview of the genetics of pituitary tumours and discuss the current challenges and implications of these genetic findings in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T12:12:15Z","timestamp":1648555935000},"page":"424-435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Molecular genetic testing in the management of pituitary 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