{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:38:56Z","timestamp":1789133936672,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]],"date-time":"2022-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) allows for longer survival for people living with HIV and hence long\u2010term complications of both disease and treatment are common. Our purpose was to evaluate bone alterations in men living with HIV (MLWH) and receiving cART\u00a0and to identify associated factors that can be corrected or mitigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty MLWH and 36 healthy controls (\u226550 years) were studied for areal bone mineral density\u00a0(aBMD) and body composition (dual\u2010energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry), volumetric bone mineral density\u00a0(vBMD) and bone microstructure\u00a0(high\u2010resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography\u00a0[HR\u2010pQCT]), serum calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, 25(OH)D, testosterone (T), estradiol (E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), glucose, creatinine, and albumin levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proportion of patients classified as osteoporosis (according to the lowest aBMD T\u2010score) was higher among MLWH as compared to controls (17.9% vs. 5.9%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.011). The MLWH showed significant alterations in cortical and trabecular bone on HR\u2010pQCT, which were not associated with the duration of HIV infection or cART. These differences in vBMD and bone microstructure seen in HR\u2010pQCT persisted in the nonosteoporotic MLWH as compared to nonosteoporotic control subjects. Body mass index (BMI) and fat mass were lower in MLWH and positively associated with total vBMD, cortical bone area, and thickness. E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/T ratios were lower in MLWH than in controls and significantly correlated with several cortical and trabecular bone parameters. Multivariate regression analysis entering simultaneously age, BMI, and E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> defined that E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> is an independent influence on bone parameters evaluated by HR\u2010pQCT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>MLWH have alterations in bone volumetric density and microstructure when compared with controls, irrespective of aBMD, which are associated with lower E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and BMI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T07:20:37Z","timestamp":1651216837000},"page":"142-149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Lower bone density and microarchitecture alterations in HIV\u2010infected Brazilian men aged 50 years and older are associated with estradiol levels"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4689-7242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe P.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7e of Infectious and Parasitary Diseases Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis F. C.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6661-0993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"de Paula Paranhos Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine HUCFF, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2129-3546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura M. 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A.","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7e of Infectious and Parasitary Diseases Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Branca A.","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7e of Infectious and Parasitary Diseases Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6752-2880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Madeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine HUCFF, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7784-9905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronir R.","family":"Luiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine HUCFF, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"},{"name":"Institute of Public Health Studies, IESC Federal University of Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1595-3985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo V.","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine HUCFF, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0466-3250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria L. 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