{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T20:59:31Z","timestamp":1765486771396,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000691","name":"Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Starter Grant for Clinical Lecturers SGL020\/1013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Starter Grant for Clinical Lecturers SGL020\/1013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with short stature, delayed puberty, primary ovarian insufficiency, and other features. Most girls with TS require oestrogen replacement for pubertal induction. There is paucity of data in adult TS on pubertal outcomes, including breast satisfaction. Here, we assess breast satisfaction in TS with the BREAST\u2010Q questionnaire, a well\u2010validated patient\u2010related outcome measure (PROM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>International survey distributed online through TS support groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adult women aged 18\u201345 years with TS (self\u2010reported).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title><jats:p>The questionnaire contained demographics, health history and the four domains of the BREAST\u2010Q. BREAST\u2010Q scores were matched on a one\u2010to\u2010one basis for age, body mass index\u00a0(BMI) and educational background to a normative data set derived from the \u2018Army of Women\u2019, an online community of healthy volunteers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 97 total responses, 74 could be matched to the control cohort. Median age was 32 years (18\u201345 years) and 97% were White Caucasian. Median age at menarche was 15.5 years (12\u201334 years), 86% had received pubertal induction therapy as teenagers. We found significantly lower BREAST\u2010Q scores in TS in the domains \u2018Satisfaction with Breast\u2019 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.021), \u2018Psychosocial Wellbeing\u2019 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) and \u2018Sexual Wellbeing\u2019 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). TS who had received oestrogen replacement therapy reported lower scores compared to TS who had not received oestrogen therapy (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). Lower BMI and previous growth hormone therapy were associated with lower breast satisfaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>TS women who received oestrogen replacement for pubertal induction self\u2010report lower breast satisfaction scores and late menarche, suggesting that type, mode of delivery, dose and timing of hormone supplements merit prospective study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T03:31:11Z","timestamp":1652844671000},"page":"82-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Breast satisfaction in adult women with Turner syndrome\u2014An international survey employing the BREAST\u2010Q questionnaire"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9181-3995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Idkowiak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"},{"name":"Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust  Birmingham UK"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arlene","family":"Smyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Syndrome Support Society (UK)  Clydebank UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lily","family":"Mundy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery Duke University  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Wanaguru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust  Birmingham UK"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Sydney Children's Hospital Network  Randwick New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Campbelltown Hospital  Campbelltown New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Womens and Childrens Health University of New South Wales  Kensington Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Gleeson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust  Birmingham UK"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4328-6304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"H\u00f6gler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"},{"name":"Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust  Birmingham UK"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Johannes Kepler University Linz  Linz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-17-0430"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0224-4"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2013.0075"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.7.1062"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00027"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70302-8"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"1810","article-title":"Spontaneous pubertal development in Turner's syndrome","volume":"82","author":"Pasquino AM","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol 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