{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T18:01:37Z","timestamp":1783620097644,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The optimal treatment strategy for radioiodine (RAI) treatment protocols for benign hyperthyroidism remains elusive. Although individualised activities are recommended in European Law, many centres continue to provide fixed activities. Our institution implemented a dosimetry protocol in 2016 following years of fixed dosing which facilitates the calculation of individualised activities based on thyroid volume and radioiodine uptake.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective study comparing success rates using a dosimetry protocol targeting an absorbed dose of 150\u2009Gy for Graves\u2019 disease (GD) and 125\u2009Gy for Toxic Multinodular Goiter (TMNG) with fixed dosing (200MBq for GD and 400MBq for TMNG) among 204 patients with hyperthyroidism. Success was defined as a non\u2010hyperthyroid state at 1 year for both disease states. Results were analysed for disease specific or patient specific modulators of response.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study included 204 patients; 74% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009151) received fixed activities and 26% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200953) of activities administered were calculated using dosimetry. A dosimetry\u2010based protocol was successful in 80.5% of patients with GD and 100% of patients with TMNG. Differences in success rates and median activity administered between the fixed (204Mbq) and dosimetry (246MBq) cohort were not statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.64) however 44% of patients with GD and 70% of patients with TMNG received lower activities following treatment with dosimetry as opposed to fixed activities. Use of dosimetry resulted in successful treatment and reduced RAI exposure for 36% of patients with GD, 70% of patients with TMNG, and 44% of patients overall.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective clinical study demonstrated that treatment with a dosimetry\u2010based protocol for TMNG and GD achieved comparable success rates to fixed protocols while reducing RAI exposure for over a third of patients with GD and most patients with TMNG. This study also highlighted that RAI can successfully treat hyperthyroidism for some patients with activities lower than commonplace in clinical practise. No patient or disease specific modulators of treatment response were established in this study; however, the data supports a future prospective trial which further scrutinises the individual patient factors governing treatment response to RAI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.15054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T10:23:54Z","timestamp":1712139834000},"page":"585-592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Use of a dosimetry\u2010based RAI protocol for treatment of benign hyperthyroidism optimises response while minimising exposure to ionising radiation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0193-8976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clare","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology St James's Hospital Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amna","family":"Al\u2010Jabri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Molecular Imaging Sultan Qaboos University Seeb Oman"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine St James's Hospital Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liam","family":"O'Murchada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology St James's Hospital Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamad","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology St James's Hospital Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennie","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine St James's Hospital Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niamh","family":"Phelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology St James's Hospital Dublin Ireland"},{"name":"Clinical Medicine School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie\u2010Louise","family":"Healy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology St James's Hospital Dublin Ireland"},{"name":"Clinical Medicine School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2012-1030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMct1007101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2011.0362"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03291.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1995.tb02039.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13611"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2017.0461"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30059-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3459"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"Nov. 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