{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T12:12:34Z","timestamp":1763640754160,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to review the long\u2010term outcome of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and whether patient\u2010 or treatment\u2010related factors impact the outcomes, especially focusing on the initial Levothyroxine dose.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective, cross\u2010sectional study of the children diagnosed with CH who received Levothyroxine at Ajou University Hospital between 2003 and 2024. Comparative analysis was performed between the low (&lt;10\u2009mcg\/kg) and high (\u226510\u2009mcg\/kg) initial dose groups. Repeated\u2010measures analysis of covariance was employed to evaluate longitudinal changes in growth outcomes, and multivariate linear regression was utilised to evaluate the effects of clinical factors on the intelligence quotient (IQ).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the study population, 84 of 144 children were prescribed an initial low dose of Levothyroxine. Most children in both initial dose groups showed appropriate growth within the normal range in the biennial growth evaluation from ages four to eight and in the Wechsler IQ exam. The initial dose seemed to not significantly affect the growth outcomes over time, as no significant differences between the low\u2010 and high\u2010dose groups were observed (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      values: 0.545, 0.609, 0.532, and 0.501 for bone age\u2014chronological age, height\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010score, weight\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010score, and BMI\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010score, respectively). The effect of the initial dose group on the full\u2010scale IQ was also not statistically significant (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.362).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We demonstrated the favourable long\u2010term outcomes in linear growth and neurodevelopment among children with CH, even in lower initial Levothyroxine doses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.70034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T08:30:28Z","timestamp":1757925028000},"page":"895-905","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Congenital Hypothyroidism: Long\u2010Term Growth and Intellectual Outcomes With a Lower Initial Levothyroxine Dose"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0047-6578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun\u2010Hong","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae Hyuk","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min Hyung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Suk","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9684-4042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hae Sang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/841947"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1054983"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0915"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2020.0333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000313370"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2175"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2022-0101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000528567"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-01061-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children10101599"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-025-12464-8"},{"volume-title":"Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of the Hand and Wrist","year":"1959","author":"William Walter G.","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2018.61.5.135"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.3181148.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2018.61.7.221"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2017.22.2.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2871"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad364"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-1010-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad739"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1903"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.17479"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.923448"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2015-0047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000095069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000494056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12701\/jyms.2022.00059"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2017.22.2.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tp.2017.09.07"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2011.0084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11106\/ijt.2015.8.2.170"}],"container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cen.70034","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T12:02:41Z","timestamp":1763640161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cen.70034"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cen.70034"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cen.70034","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0664","1365-2265"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0300-0664"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-2265"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}