{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T10:39:01Z","timestamp":1773052741420,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,4]],"date-time":"2017-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008373","name":"Takeda Pharmaceutical Company","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008373","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical &amp; Exp Neuroim"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To understand, through an analysis of health insurance claims data, the current treatment status and medical cost of multiple sclerosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>) in Japan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed claims data (January 2005\u2013January 2016) from the Japan Medical Data Center Co., Ltd., identifying <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> patients, except those with neuromyelitis optica, using an algorithm based on diagnosis codes. Prescription drug usage and medical costs for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> patients were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 713 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> patients were identified in the database. Between 2011 and 2015, the age\u2010adjusted prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> in the database increased from 0.015% to 0.019%, and the female\u2010to\u2010male ratio increased from 1.70 to 2.03. The prescription rate for disease\u2010modifying therapy drugs was higher in larger care settings. Prescriptions for fingolimod increased from 2011, with a concomitant decrease in prescriptions for interferon. The per patient per month cost for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> was \u00a5124\u00a0337 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>$1190 or \u20ac1084, as of October 2016). This was higher than the costs for Parkinson's disease (\u00a584\u00a0410), myasthenia gravis (\u00a582\u00a0944) and rheumatoid arthritis (\u00a553\u00a0843). However, the total per member per month cost for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>, which represents the population\u2010based economic impact, was \u00a525.2, which was lower than the parallel costs for Parkinson's disease (\u00a5123.0) and rheumatoid arthritis (\u00a5311.6) because of the low prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> in Japan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using real\u2010world data, we obtained up\u2010to\u2010date prevalence, treatment status and medical cost information for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> in Japan. The present results showed the efficacy of a real\u2010world database to obtain the latest national trends for rare diseases, such as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>; this could have important implications for clinicians and policymakers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen3.12411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,5]],"date-time":"2017-09-05T01:08:46Z","timestamp":1504573726000},"page":"318-326","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Prevalence, treatments and medical cost of multiple sclerosis in Japan based on analysis of a health insurance claims database"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Mieko","family":"Ogino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine Center for Medical Education Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuichi","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Medical Affairs Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Ohta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Medical Affairs Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Medical Affairs Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Milliman Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Iwasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Milliman Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manami","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Medical Affairs Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinzo","family":"Hiroi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Medical Affairs Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Izumi","family":"Kawachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Brain Research Institute Niigata University Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq118"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52001-2.00005-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i3518"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001608"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.25.9.845"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458508098372"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458508090226"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2012.08.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","unstructured":"Japan Intractable Disease Information Center.Number of patients who were certified to receive subsidies for the medical treatment of multiple sclerosis (In Japanese). 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