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Patients with acute central nervous system disorders, such as delirium, impaired consciousness, stroke and convulsive seizures, have a high mortality rate. The encephalitis\/encephalopathy that causes consciousness disturbance and seizures can be classified into three conditions, including direct infection with the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 virus, encephalopathy caused by central nervous system damage secondary to systemic hypercytokinemia (cytokine storm) and autoimmune\u2010mediated encephalitis that occurs after infection. The sequelae, called post\u2010acute COVID\u201019 syndrome or long COVID, include neuromuscular manifestations, such as anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, muscle weakness, brain fog and cognitive impairment. It is desirable to establish diagnostic criteria and treatment for these symptoms. Vaccine\u2010induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia, Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome, bilateral facial paralysis, encephalitis and opsoclonus\u2010myoclonus syndrome have been reported as adverse reactions after the COVID\u201019 vaccine, although these are rare.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen3.12676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T17:16:01Z","timestamp":1631466961000},"page":"17-23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Neuro\u2010COVID\u201019"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8788-9089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takayoshi","family":"Shimohata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu 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