{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T16:34:23Z","timestamp":1778603663733,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,14]],"date-time":"2012-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>To evaluate and compare the perfluorocarbon liquid, silicone oil, and viscoelastic against standard saline, in their ability to dampen the impact force of a foreign body, dropped within the eye. In an experimental surgical model in where cohesive and adhesive forces of the substances are not enough to float heavy\u2010than\u2010water foreign bodies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A model of ophthalmic surgery was constructed. A BB<\/jats:styled-content> pellet was dropped from 24\u2009mm onto a force transducer through four different fluids: balanced salt solution, perfluoro\u2010n\u2010octane, viscoelastic, and silicone oil. The impact energy (force) for each case was measured and recorded by the force transducer. The mean force of impact for each fluid was compared using the Student t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Silicone oil resulted in the lowest force of impact. Both silicone oil and viscoelastic dampened the impact an order of magnitude more than perfluoro\u2010n\u2010octane and balanced salt solution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Silicone oil and viscoelastic cushioned the force from a dropped BB<\/jats:styled-content>. They may be useful adjuncts to prevent iatrogenic retinal injury during vitrectomy for intraocular foreign body removal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,13]],"date-time":"2012-11-13T13:13:53Z","timestamp":1352812433000},"page":"471-475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Experimental measure of retinal impact force resulting from intraocular foreign body dropped onto retina through media of differing viscosity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Benjamin J","family":"Ernst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of Medicine Rocky Mountain Lions Eye Institute Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raul","family":"Velez\u2010Montoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of Medicine Rocky Mountain Lions Eye Institute Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damir","family":"Kujundzic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elmira","family":"Kujundzic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey L","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of Medicine Rocky Mountain Lions Eye Institute Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580600665886"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(05)80093-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(13)31541-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"214","article-title":"The use of sodium hyaluronate (Hyalcon) for the removal of severely subluxated lenses","volume":"18","author":"Toczolowski JR","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2003.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.203"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"503","article-title":"Use of high\u2010density vitreous substitutes in the removal of posteriorly dislocated lenses or intraocular lenses","volume":"22","author":"Liu KR","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)76247-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-199809000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2011.560915"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006487313380"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1989.01070020901036"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-199414050-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(87)33239-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3282fa75f1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Extraction of posterior polar intraocular foreign bodies with sodium hyaluronate backsiphon technique","volume":"21","author":"Yuan J","year":"2005","journal-title":"Yan Ke Xue Bao"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-008-0994-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","first-page":"1879","article-title":"Retinal adhesive force in living rabbit, cat, and monkey eyes. 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