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The examination included visual acuity measurements, ocular motility evaluation, cycloplegic autorefraction, and examination of the external eye, anterior segment, media and fundus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Visual acuity and principal cause of vision impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of uncorrected and presenting visual acuity \u22646\/12 in the better eye were 19.4% (95% confidence interval, 12.5\u201326.3) and 12.2% (95% confidence interval, 8.8\u201315.6), respectively. Refractive error was the cause of vision impairment in 92.7%, amblyopia in 2.2%, cataract in 0.7%, retinal disorders in 0.4%, other causes in 1.5% and unexplained causes in the remaining 2.6%. The prevalence of vision impairment due to myopia in either eye (\u20130.50 diopter or greater) was 20.4% (95% confidence interval, 12.8\u201328.0), hyperopia (\u22652.00 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>) was 0.4% (95% confidence interval, 0.0\u20130.7) and emmetropia with astigmatism (\u22650.75 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>) was 0.7% (95% confidence interval, 0.2\u20131.2). Vision impairment due to myopia was associated with higher school grade and increased time spent reading and working on a computer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Uncorrected refractive error, particularly myopia, among secondary school children in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>ietnam is a major public health problem. School\u2010based eye health initiative such as refractive error screening is warranted to reduce vision impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,3]],"date-time":"2013-12-03T10:24:39Z","timestamp":1386066279000},"page":"217-226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Prevalence of vision impairment and refractive error in school children in <scp>B<\/scp>a <scp>R<\/scp>ia \u2013 <scp>V<\/scp>ung <scp>T<\/scp>au province, <scp>V<\/scp>ietnam"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Prakash","family":"Paudel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brien Holden Vision Institute  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasidh","family":"Ramson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brien Holden Vision Institute  Sydney New South Wales 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