{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:39:16Z","timestamp":1785886756419,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]],"date-time":"2017-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe presenting patterns of breast cancer metastases to the orbit and eyelids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To provide clinical, radiographic and pathologic correlations of breast metastases to the orbit or eyelids and evaluate radiographic volumetric orbital changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective review in an academic centre.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten female patients with periocular metastatic breast carcinoma who were seen at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Oculoplastics Clinic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective review of patient records, imaging and pathology findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Presenting clinical characteristics, radiographic findings and histopathological features were assessed and correlated to discover distinctive presenting patterns. Volumetric measurements of the tumours and orbital soft tissue structures were made on magnetic resonance imaging studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The breast cancer metastases included eleven orbital lesions and one eyelid lesion. Two distinct clinical presentations were observed. The first consisted of seven patients who had either enophthalmos or euphthalmos, a radiographically indistinct intraconal lesion and a histologically classic invasive lobular breast carcinoma with a prominent fibrotic stroma. The second group consisted of two proptotic patients with discrete mass lesions on imaging and an atypical invasive lobular breast carcinoma pathological subtype (pleomorphic or alveolar). One patient had diffusely indurated eyelid fullness. Volumetric analyses demonstrated variable tumour sizes with an inconsistent impact on the orbital volume and fat.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>This correlative study provides the clinical\u2010radiographic\u2010histopathologic basis for separating two overarching phenotypic presentations of metastatic breast carcinoma to the orbit. Previously postulated mechanisms for the distinctive finding of tumour\u2010induced enophthalmos are re\u2010examined in the light of the foregoing conclusions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]],"date-time":"2017-02-09T08:33:08Z","timestamp":1486629188000},"page":"606-612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Periocular breast carcinoma metastases: correlation of clinical, radiologic and histopathologic features"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Natalie","family":"Homer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick A","family":"Jakobiec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"David G. Cogan Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Stagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"David G. Cogan Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Elizabeth","family":"Cunnane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne K","family":"Freitag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Fay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael K","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002341-200109000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.331"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000793"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(90)90045-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3928\/1542-8877-20060101-06","article-title":"Clinical manifestations of orbital mass lesions at the Jules Stein Eye Institute 1999\u20132003","volume":"37","author":"Ben Simon GJ","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"236","article-title":"Secondary contracting scirrhus of orbit","volume":"30","author":"Lawson A","year":"1910","journal-title":"Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"600","article-title":"Slowly progressive bilateral enophthalmos from metastatic breast carcinoma","volume":"50","author":"Kuzma BB","year":"1998","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"351","article-title":"Painful ophthalmoplegia and enophthalmos due to metastatic carcinoma: simulation of essential facial hemiatrophy","volume":"75","author":"Sacks JG","year":"1971","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1035099"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/orbi.21.4.307.8559"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.336135502"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fceo.12926","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ceo.12926","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T01:36:19Z","timestamp":1696383379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ceo.12926"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ceo.12926"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ceo.12926","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1442-6404","1442-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1442-6404","type":"print"},{"value":"1442-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-10-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-01-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-03-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}