{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T08:41:36Z","timestamp":1788597696238,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,9]],"date-time":"2017-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Identifying risk factors for radiation\u2010induced optic neuropathy (RION) could promote a more conservative approach to radiation treatment planning in vulnerable patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study explored possible factors beyond radiation dose associated with the development of RION after external beam radiation therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective case\u2013control study conducted at a university hospital tertiary care center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cases (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a014) meeting criteria for a diagnosis of RION by neuro\u2010ophthalmologic exam were identified from a single\u2010centre neuro\u2010ophthalmology database. Controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a031) without RION were selected from a single\u2010centre radiation oncology database.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Controls were matched to cases based upon maximum radiation dose to the optic apparatus. Patient characteristics and treatment parameters were interrogated by univariate analysis for attributes predisposing to RION.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary parameter was a significant association of patient characteristics or treatment parameters with RION.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Controlling for radiation dosage, no significant associations for alternative risk factors were identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results support the literature suggesting that the primary risk factor for developing RION is radiation dosage and that additional patient\u2010related and tumour\u2010related risk factors may play only a minor 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