{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T22:50:02Z","timestamp":1792277402503,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]],"date-time":"2019-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Importance<\/jats:title>\n The transscleral XEN Glaucoma Gel Microstent (XEN\u2010GGM, Allergan Plc., Parsippany, New Jersey) is implanted by a minimally invasive ab interno technique.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n The present study aims to assess the long\u2010term clinical outcomes in patients after XEN\u2010GGM implantation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n This prospective, non\u2010randomized, multi\u2010centred study was conducted in three countries (Austria, Canada and Germany).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Participants<\/jats:title>\n Sixty\u2010four consecutive eyes of 64 patients with open angle glaucoma received the XEN\u2010GGM (63 \u03bcm) without Mitomycin C. Thirty\u2010five (55%) were solo procedures, and 29 (45%) were combined with cataract surgery.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Visits were planned at baseline, 6 months, 1, 2, 3 and 4 years postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n The main outcome measures were mean intraocular pressure (IOP), mean number of IOP lowering medication. Secondary outcome parameters were: visual acuity, visual fields and complete surgical failure (defined as presence of a secondary IOP lowering procedure or loss of light perception) at 4 years, postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Mean best\u2010medicated baseline IOP was 22.5 \u00b1 4.2 mmHg and decreased significantly to 13.4 \u00b1 3.1 mmHg 4 years postoperatively (\u221240%, n = 34,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). Mean number of IOP lowering medication decreased significantly from 2.4 \u00b1 1.3 preoperatively to 1.2 \u00b1 1.3 (\u221250%, n = 34,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) postoperatively. Visual field mean deviation showed no significant change between preoperative and postoperative examinations. Complete surgical failure rate per year was 10%.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n The XEN\u2010GGM resulted in lower IOP and a reduction in medications from baseline over 4 years of follow\u2010up. There was no detectable decrease in visual fields over the study. The surgical failure rate is comparable to other filtration surgeries.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,22]],"date-time":"2018-12-22T05:57:51Z","timestamp":1545458271000},"page":"581-587","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Four\u2010year results of a minimally invasive transscleral glaucoma gel stent implantation in a prospective multi\u2010centre study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5299-7330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Lenzhofer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry University Clinic Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inga","family":"Kersten\u2010Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Eye Clinic Bochum Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arsham","family":"Sheybani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Husayn","family":"Gulamhusein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clemens","family":"Strohmaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry University Clinic Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melchior","family":"Hohensinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry University Clinic Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Burkhard Dick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Eye Clinic Bochum Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Hitzl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry University Clinic Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Eisenkopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Eye Clinic Bochum Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fady","family":"Sedarous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iqbal I.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Credit Valley Eye Care, and Trillium Health Partners Mississauga Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herbert A.","family":"Reitsamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry University Clinic Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"},{"name":"Research Program Experimental Ophthalmology Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(68)91288-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2015.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"847439","article-title":"Managing drawbacks in unconventional successful glaucoma surgery: a case report of stent exposure","volume":"2015","author":"Fea A","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2014.01.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"Shaarawy S.Grehn. 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