{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T23:11:42Z","timestamp":1793661102621,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,19]],"date-time":"2019-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007811","name":"Sydney Medical School Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007811","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns in bacterial keratitis may fluctuate in a geographic location over time.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n To investigate any change in AMR patterns in Sydney, Australia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective case series.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Participants<\/jats:title>\n All patients with microbial keratitis who underwent a corneal scrape and culture from 2012 to 2016 at the Sydney Eye Hospital.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Matrix\u2010assisted laser desorption ionization\u2010time of flight (MALDI\u2010TOF) mass spectrometry identified organisms. The Calibrated Dichotomous Susceptibility method determined antibiotic susceptibilities.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n Isolated organisms and antibiotic susceptibilities.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n There were 1084 corneal scrapes from 957 patients. The mean age was 54\u2009years (range 18\u2010100) and 52% were male. Cultures were positive in 711 of 1084 scrapes (66%), with 884 organisms identified. Of the bacteria isolated, 685 of 884 (78%) were Gram\u2010positive and 199 of 884 (22%) were Gram\u2010negative. Overall, the most common bacteria were coagulase\u2010negative Staphylococci (CoNS) (405\/884, 46%).<\/jats:p>\n \n Methicillin\u2010resistance was detected in 7% of\n \n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n isolates (7\/103). Methicillin\u2010resistance in CoNS (ie, also cefalotin resistance) was reported in 19% of isolates and ciprofloxacin 8%. For methicillin\u2010sensitive\n \n S aureus<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n (MSSA), 5% of isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. For\n Corynebacterium<\/jats:italic>\n spp., 34% of isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol and 9% to ciprofloxacin.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n The most common Gram\u2010negative bacteria was\n \n Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n (109\/199, 55%). One case was resistant to ciprofloxacin.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n \n Coagulase\u2010negative\n staphylococcal<\/jats:italic>\n species were the most frequently suspected of causing bacterial keratitis. Increased resistance to cefalotin was identified for CoNS and to ciprofloxacin for\n Corynebacterium<\/jats:italic>\n spp., MSSA and\n \n P aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n compared to a previous study in Sydney in 2002 to 2003.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,31]],"date-time":"2019-10-31T14:52:52Z","timestamp":1572533572000},"page":"183-191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Antimicrobial resistance trends in bacterial keratitis over 5\u2009years in Sydney, Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6276-5795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Cabrera\u2010Aguas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Corneal Unit, Sydney Eye Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6266-306X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pauline","family":"Khoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Corneal Unit, Sydney Eye Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0505-6495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. 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Robert","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology New South Wales Health Pathology Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica M.","family":"Lahra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology New South Wales Health Pathology Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Medical Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6699-1765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie L.","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Corneal Unit, Sydney Eye Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Medical Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12330"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"214","article-title":"Corneal blindness: a global perspective","volume":"79","author":"Whitcher JP","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.79.8.777"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.03.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.11.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318156cb1f"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210501500104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318156caf2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","volume-title":"Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-310026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2015.3888"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"2659","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in ocular pathogens \u2013 preliminary results from the 2017 ARMOR surveillance program","volume":"59","author":"Sanfilippo CM","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2006.01143.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"84","article-title":"Cornea scraping guidelines for microbial keratitis","volume":"45","author":"Khoo P","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Experiment Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","unstructured":"BellSM PhamJN RaffertyDL AllertonJK.Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing by CDS Method Department of Microbiology (SEALS)\u2010St George Hospital;2016.http:\/\/cdstest.net. 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