{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:46:44Z","timestamp":1787014004844,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY026174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY026174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R61EY032468"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R61EY032468"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30EY014801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY014801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I01 BX004893"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I01 BX004893"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I01 CX002015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I01 CX002015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH\u201020\u20101\u20100579"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH\u201020\u20101\u20100579"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH\u201020\u20101\u20100820"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH\u201020\u20101\u20100820"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Many studies utilised in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) to associate variations in corneal structures with dry eye disease (DED). However, DED is an umbrella term that covers various aetiologies and presentations. This review analyses populations by DED aetiology to determine the relationships between IVCM parameters and specific DED sub\u2010types. It focuses on the most commonly examined structures, sub\u2010basal nerves and dendritic cells. Across the literature, most studies found individuals with immune\u2010mediated DED had lower sub\u2010basal nerve fibre number and density than controls, with smaller differences between non\u2010immune DED and controls. However, wide ranges of values reported across studies demonstrate considerable overlap between DED sub\u2010types and controls, rendering these metrics less helpful when diagnosing an individual patient. Dendritic cell density was considerably higher in individuals with immune\u2010mediated DED than in non\u2010immune DED or controls. As such, dendritic cell density may be a better indicator of DED associated with a systemic immune\u2010mediated process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T08:55:00Z","timestamp":1616748900000},"page":"373-387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Can in vivo confocal microscopy differentiate between sub\u2010types of dry eye disease? A review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8118-0714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jodi","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harrison","family":"Dermer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3026-6155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anat","family":"Galor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology University of Miami  Miami Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.003"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"221","article-title":"Report of the National eye Institute\/industry workshop on clinical trials in dry eyes","volume":"21","author":"Lemp MA","year":"1995","journal-title":"CLAO J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70081-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2009.02016.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2009.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-014-2618-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40135-019-00216-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70030-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2013.842592"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13844"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2009.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph11040125"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(03)00050-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3242649"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2013.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-9071.2002.00507.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"476","article-title":"Ultrastructural organization of human corneal nerves","volume":"37","author":"Muller LJ","year":"1996","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-006-0375-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200105000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-1129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2017.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10070497"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0251"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14397595.2014.979523"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2008.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000154402.01710.95"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8406832"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-017-3680-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318294c184"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0893"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425912471692"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12370"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-10237-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-20013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-305072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-017-3759-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000016547"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2016.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2015.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2019.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-317891"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2020.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-314799"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2012-301767"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.6.554"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-11914"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","first-page":"3660","article-title":"Reinnervation in the cornea after LASIK","volume":"43","author":"Lee BH","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2019.03.09"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002294"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-3629"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.06.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1102544"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2019.1600196"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4369750"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.364"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","first-page":"639","article-title":"Novel characterization of MHC class II\u2010negative population of resident corneal Langerhans cell\u2010type dendritic cells","volume":"43","author":"Hamrah P","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-004-1075-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364101408010051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425912461677"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2015.1133833"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20895"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2011.05.016"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; Experimental Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ceo.13924","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ceo.13924","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ceo.13924","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T15:18:51Z","timestamp":1693322331000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ceo.13924"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ceo.13924"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ceo.13924","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1442-6404","1442-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1442-6404","type":"print"},{"value":"1442-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-11-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}