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Assessing the changes in the choriocapillaris can therefore provide important information about normal ageing and pathogenesis of visual impairment, and even some systemic diseases. In vivo imaging of the choriocapillaris has evolved from non\u2010depth resolved, dye\u2010based angiography to advanced, high\u2010resolution optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). However, the intricate microvascular networks within the choriocapillaris are still beyond the resolving limits of most OCTA instruments. Knowledge of histology, meticulous image acquisition methods, recognition of artefact and post\u2010acquisition processing techniques are necessary for optimising OCTA choriocapillaris images. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the choriocapillaris provide clinical information in age\u2010related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), pathologic myopia and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Furthermore, studies have revealed choriocapillaris changes in posterior uveitis that are correlated with treatment outcome and have important prognostic significance. In addition to retinal diseases, choriocapillaris changes have been observed in systemic vascular diseases and complications associated with pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]],"date-time":"2021-08-13T03:41:29Z","timestamp":1628826089000},"page":"91-103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Visualising the choriocapillaris: Histology, imaging modalities and clinical research \u2010 A review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6566-1019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danny Siu\u2010Chun","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong China"},{"name":"Hong Kong Eye Hospital  Mong Kok Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3737-9291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leo Ka\u2010Yu","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong China"},{"name":"Hong Kong Eye Hospital  Mong Kok Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching Man","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7832-6428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy Y. 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