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Cells from selected individuals, or specific genetic backgrounds, can be differentiated into distinct cell types allowing the modelling of diseases in a dish for therapeutic development. hPSC\u2010derived retinal cultures have already been used to successfully model retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration for various retinal diseases including monogenic conditions and complex disease such as age\u2010related macular degeneration. Here, we will review the current knowledge gained in understanding the molecular events involved in retinal disease using hPSC\u2010derived retinal models, in particular RPE models. 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