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Increased use of enhanced depth imaging\u2010optical coherence tomography (EDI\u2010OCT) in our evaluation of the optic nerve head (ONH) and greater recognition of the vast range of optic nerve pathologies with which PHOMS is associated provides convincing evidence that PHOMS is not just buried optic disc drusen (ODD) as previously described. The frequent coexistence of PHOMS with ODD, papilloedema, anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy, tilted optic disc syndrome, inflammatory demyelinating disorders and other diseases associated with axoplasmic stasis provides insight into its underlying pathophysiology. The present review will discuss the role of key imaging modalities in the differential diagnosis of PHOMS, explore the current literature on the relationship between PHOMS and common neuro\u2010ophthalmic conditions, and highlight the gaps in our knowledge, with respect to disease classification and prognosis, to pave the way for future directions of research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.14182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,27]],"date-time":"2022-10-27T11:41:18Z","timestamp":1666870878000},"page":"67-80","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass\u2010like structures: Multimodal imaging\u2014A review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9078-7059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachael C.","family":"Heath Jeffery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Ophthalmology 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