{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T18:02:54Z","timestamp":1791655374718,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although early detection is critical, diagnosing vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) remains difficult. We sought to assess the potential diagnostic value of spectral\u2010domain optical coherence tomography (SD\u2010OCT) in VRL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We reviewed the clinical records and pre\u2010treatment SD\u2010OCT images of biopsy\u2010confirmed VRL and uveitis patients, with primary involvement of the sub\u2010retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the outer retina, including acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC), chronic stage sympathetic ophthalmitis (SO), and idiopathic multifocal choroiditis (MFC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 45 eyes of 45 VRL patients and 40 eyes of 40 uveitis patients (17 ASPPC eyes, eight chronic SO eyes, and 15 MFC eyes). On SD\u2010OCT, lymphoma cell infiltration was observed in various retinal layers, most commonly in the sub\u2010RPE (80%) and sub\u2010retinal space (62%). Highly sensitive features for VRL as compared to uveitis included vitreous cells (93%), focal hyper\u2010reflective sub\u2010retinal infiltration (51%), and diffuse RPE elevations (56%). The features strongly specific for VRL included preretinal deposits (92.5%), intra\u2010retinal infiltration (except the incomplete vertical hyper\u2010reflective type, 100%), banded hyper\u2010reflective sub\u2010retinal infiltration (90%), and confluent RPE detachments (100%). We identified an approach to VRL diagnosis based on these SD\u2010OCT findings: (1) two highly sensitive features plus one strongly specific feature; or (2) one highly sensitive feature plus two strongly specific features, demonstrated a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 95% for VRL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The SD\u2010OCT may enable the detection of detailed lymphoma infiltration characteristics and provide significant supplemental value for VRL diagnosis, particularly when combining highly sensitive and specific VRL\u2010associated SD\u2010OCT features.<\/jats:p>\n                  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