{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:51:49Z","timestamp":1747183909481,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019A1515011212"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019A1515011212"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Current modalities for diagnosing carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) are inaccurate in analysing retinal microcirculations and nerve fibre changes. Retinal microvascular and neural alterations occur in CCF patients and can be quantitatively measured using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). We measured the neurovascular changes in the eyes of CCF patients and used OCTA as a supplementary method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study studied 54 eyes of 27 unilateral CCF subjects and 54 eyes of 27 healthy age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls. OCTA parameters in the macula and optic nerve head (ONH) were analysed using a one\u2010way analysis of variance with further Bonferroni corrections. Parameters with statistical significance were included in a multivariable binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was significantly less deep\u2010vessel density (DVD) and ONH\u2010associated capillary density in both eyes of CCF patients than in controls, while the differences between the affected and contralateral eyes were insignificant. The retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell complex thickness were lower in the affected eyes than in the contralateral or controlled eyes. ROC curves identified DVD and ONH\u2010associated capillary density as significant parameters in both eyes of CCF patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The retinal microvascular circulation was affected in both eyes of unilateral CCF patients. Microvascular alterations occurred before retinal neural damage. This quantitative study suggests a supplementary measurement for diagnosing CCF and detecting early neurovascular impairments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.14231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T14:07:10Z","timestamp":1682086030000},"page":"453-461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microvascular and neural alterations in carotid cavernous fistulas: An optical coherence tomography angiography study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3934-9050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat\u2010Sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat\u2010Sen 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