{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:51:50Z","timestamp":1747183910274,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]],"date-time":"2023-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childhood ocular disease can be a significant health burden to the child, family and society. Previous studies have examined the spectrum of paediatric ocular disease presenting to tertiary hospitals; however, these studies have broader age ranges, smaller sample sizes, and are largely based in developing countries. This study aims to assess the spectrum of ocular disease in the first 3\u2009years of life presenting to the eye department of an Australian tertiary paediatric hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The records of 3337 children who had their initial presentation at the eye clinic between the age of 0 and 36\u2009months were reviewed, spanning 6.5\u2009years from 1st July 2012 to 31st December 2018.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The most common primary diagnoses overall were strabismic amblyopia (6.0%), retinopathy of prematurity (5.0%) and nasolacrimal duct obstruction (4.5%). Bilateral visual impairment was more common in younger children, while unilateral visual impairment was more common in older children. The proportion of all children presenting with visual impairment was 10.3%, with 5.7% of all children presenting with bilateral visual impairment and 4.6% presenting with unilateral visual impairment. In children with visual impairment, the most common sites of primary abnormality were lens (21.4%), retina (17.3%), and cerebral and visual pathways (12.1%). The most common primary diagnoses in children with visual impairment were cataract (21.4%), strabismic amblyopia (9.3%) and retinoblastoma (6.5%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The spectrum of eye disease and vision impairment presenting in the first 3\u2009years of life facilitates health care planning, greater community education about vision impairment and importance of early intervention, and guidance for appropriate resource allocation. Health systems can apply these findings to aid in early identification and intervention to reduce preventable blindness and institute appropriate rehabilitation services.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.14237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]],"date-time":"2023-05-06T07:34:06Z","timestamp":1683358446000},"page":"546-558","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Spectrum of ocular disease in children aged between 0 and 3\u2009years at an <scp>Australian<\/scp> paediatric tertiary hospital"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6549-377X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Lo\u2010Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney and Sydney Eye Hospital  Sydney New South Wales 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