{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:40:42Z","timestamp":1768264842307,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009399","name":"Macular Disease Foundation Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#2008382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2008382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1027624"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1027624"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1194667"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1194667"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine whether the clinical performance of predicting late age\u2010related macular degeneration (AMD) development is improved through using multimodal imaging (MMI) compared to using colour fundus photography (CFP) alone, and how this compares with a basic prediction model using well\u2010established AMD risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with AMD in this study underwent MMI, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence, near\u2010infrared reflectance and CFP at baseline, and then at 6\u2010monthly intervals for 3\u2010years to determine MMI\u2010defined late AMD development. Four retinal specialists independently assessed the likelihood that each eye at baseline would progress to MMI\u2010defined late AMD over 3\u2010years with CFP, and then with MMI. Predictive performance with CFP and MMI were compared to each other, and to a basic prediction model using age, presence of pigmentary abnormalities, and OCT\u2010based drusen volume.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The predictive performance of the clinicians using CFP [AUC\u2009=\u20090.75; 95% confidence interval (CI)\u2009=\u20090.68\u20130.82] improved when using MMI (AUC\u2009=\u20090.79; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.72\u20130.85; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.034). However, a basic prediction model outperformed clinicians using either CFP or MMI (AUC\u2009=\u20090.85; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.78\u201391; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.002).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical performance for predicting late AMD development was improved by using MMI compared to CFP. However, a basic prediction model using well\u2010established AMD risk factors outperformed retinal specialists, suggesting that such a model could further improve personalised counselling and monitoring of individuals with the early stages of AMD in clinical practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.14405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T11:28:46Z","timestamp":1717068526000},"page":"774-782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Clinical performance of predicting late age\u2010related macular degeneration development using multimodal imaging"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2828-8723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai Lyn","family":"Goh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital  East Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology) The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1432-8977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla J.","family":"Abbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital  East Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology) The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital  East Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy C.","family":"Cohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital  East Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dai Ni","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital  East Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0752-5876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjeewa S.","family":"Wickremasinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital  East Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology) The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren A. 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