{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T15:43:07Z","timestamp":1792856587860,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study examines the long\u2010term effectiveness of anti\u2010VEGF therapy in managing neovascular age\u2010related macular degeneration (nAMD). Despite the well\u2010established short\u2010term improvements of anti\u2010VEGF therapy, there is limited data on its continued efficacy over extended periods. This meta\u2010analysis synthesises real\u2010world data to evaluate anti\u2010VEGF therapy's long\u2010term outcomes systematically.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a comprehensive literature review across PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases, focusing on studies that reported outcomes of anti\u2010VEGF treatment for nAMD over a decade. The analysis included pooling baseline patient characteristics, study designs, sample sizes and changes in visual acuity (VA) over 10\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our search produced 12 observational studies encompassing 7509 eyes, with 1274 completing 10\u2010years of follow\u2010up. The most substantial improvement in VA was observed in the first year following the initiation of anti\u2010VEGF therapy. On average, there was a decline of 8.11 letters in VA after 10\u2009years from baseline (95% CI \u221210.83 to \u22125.39, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). In some cases, VA reverted to baseline levels after 10\u2009years; in others, it declined significantly below baseline. Meta\u2010regression showed that mean VA change was greater in those with a lower baseline VA and those treated with a higher number of injections over 10\u2010years(<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that the mean visual acuity of eyes treated for nAMD deteriorates progressively over the long\u2010term from\u00a0two\u2009years after starting treatment. Regular injections appear crucial for preserving maximum vision. While our analysis did not identify an increased incidence of serious ocular adverse events, the long\u2010term impact of anti\u2010VEGF therapy on geographic atrophy remains unclear and warrants further investigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.14559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T08:14:44Z","timestamp":1748074484000},"page":"773-790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Real\u2010World 10\u2010Year Outcomes of Anti\u2010<scp>VEGF<\/scp> Therapy for Neovascular Age\u2010Related Macular Degeneration: A Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Spooner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cureos Research  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Save Sight Institute University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Graduate School of Health The University of Technology  Sydney 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