{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T05:04:33Z","timestamp":1771131873694,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterise stromal curvature and curvature ratios in keratoconus (KCN) using anterior segment OCT, and to evaluate the implications of using single\u2010, two\u2010, and three\u2010surface refractive models for corneal power estimation in ectatic eyes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective observational study. Anterior segment OCT measurements (MS\u201039, CSO) were analysed. Anterior, stromal, and posterior curvature radii were computed across five concentric zones (2.0\u20136.0\u2009mm) using a floating best\u2010fit sphere, and curvature ratios were subsequently derived: anterior\u2010to\u2010stromal (ASR), stromal\u2010to\u2010posterior (SPR), and anterior\u2010to\u2010posterior (APR). Corneal power was calculated using one\u2010, two\u2010, and three\u2010surface models. KCN severity was classified according to the Belin ABC grading stage and ASR, SPR, and APR were stratified accordingly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 944 keratoconic eyes were analysed. Peripheral zones (6.0\u2009mm) exhibited reduced variability in curvature measurement compared to central zones (3.0\u2009mm). Differences between simplified (one\u2010 and two\u2010surface) and three\u2010surface power models correlated moderately with increased APR and SPR values. ASR, SPR, and APR all increased progressively with advancing ABC grade.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In advanced keratoconus, three\u2010surface modelling yields different corneal power estimates versus simplified models in KC; prospective outcome studies are needed to assess clinical impact. Stromal curvature and its derived ratios provide novel structural metrics that change with KCN severity. Curvature ratio increase \u2014especially APR and SPR\u2014 reflects posterior steepening and anterior\u2013posterior decoupling, with possible implications for staging and surgical planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.70001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T09:52:18Z","timestamp":1759225938000},"page":"9-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stromal Curvature, Power and Corneal\u2010Stromal Curvature Ratios From a Hybrid\n                    <scp>AS<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>OCT<\/scp>\n                    in Eyes With Keratoconus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4145-2559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jascha A.","family":"Wendelstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Eye Hospital Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010University  Munich Germany"},{"name":"Institut F\u00fcr Refraktive Und Ophthalmo\u2010Chirurgie (IROC)  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute of Experimental Ophthalmology Saarland University  Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annabella","family":"Ostermaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Eye Hospital Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010University  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Freller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Steyr General Hospital (LKH Steyr)  Steyr Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Grendele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Studio Oculistico D'azeglio  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Savini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Bietti Foundation  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Praefke Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Studio Oculistico D'azeglio  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Herber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus  Dresden) Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolaus","family":"Luft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Eye Hospital Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010University  Munich 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