{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T15:01:00Z","timestamp":1791039660674,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762646400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Exper Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While the association between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and glaucoma has been well studied, the long\u2010term effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma progression are less known. This study aims to systematically synthesise evidence to clarify the association between CPAP therapy and\u00a0IOP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science were searched through 26 March 2025 for interventional studies evaluating the effect of CPAP therapy on IOP among OSA adult patients. Two independent authors selected relevant articles, extracted data and evaluated the quality of evidence using the Newcastle\u2013Ottawa scale (NOS), Cochrane Risk\u2010of\u2010Bias Tool for Randomised Trials (RoB 2) and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Inverse variance meta\u2010analyses were conducted using random effects.\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      values were used to evaluate heterogeneity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study included 16 studies, pooling a cohort of 602 patients. The risk of bias of studies ranged from low to moderate, and the quality of evidence was moderate on GRADE. CPAP therapy significantly increased IOP levels overnight (MD: \u22124.14; 95% CI: \u22127.76, \u22120.52;\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200976%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04), and within 1\u2009month (MD: \u22120.78; 95% CI: \u22121.21, \u22120.35;\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.60). IOP levels remained unchanged with CPAP therapy of more than 1\u2009month from baseline.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While short\u2010term CPAP therapy of 1\u2009month or less in OSA patients was associated with elevated IOP, minimal long\u2010term effects were observed. Nonetheless, these findings underscore the importance of exercising caution when administering CPAP therapy on IOP especially in glaucomatous patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.70022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T07:12:53Z","timestamp":1762758773000},"page":"209-220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Intraocular Pressure in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Jun He","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian Sheng Yep","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wai Kit","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxine Cassandra","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Hean","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adele Chin Wei","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Singapore General Hospital  Singapore"},{"name":"SingHealth Duke\u2010NUS Sleep Centre Singapore General Hospital  Singapore"},{"name":"Surgery Academic Clinical Program Duke\u2010NUS Medical School  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang Chye","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya  Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maythad","family":"Uataya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aung","family":"Tin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore National Eye Centre  Singapore"},{"name":"Duke\u2010NUS Medical School National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song Tar","family":"Toh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Singapore General Hospital  Singapore"},{"name":"SingHealth Duke\u2010NUS Sleep Centre Singapore General Hospital  Singapore"},{"name":"Surgery Academic Clinical Program Duke\u2010NUS Medical School  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmcp1816152"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/17252"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213\u20102600(19)30198\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213\u20102600(12)70051\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102016\u2010013983"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmct066953"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433023\u201002471\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325\u2010016\u20101358\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115625"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(99)04240\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214\u2010109X(20)30489\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","volume-title":"Intraocular Pressure. 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