{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T17:13:27Z","timestamp":1790010807056,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]],"date-time":"2021-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child &amp; Family Social Work"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rise of literature on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) has indicated a strong relationship between ACEs and negative life outcomes, leading to important implications for services to the population. However, less is known about the effects of ACEs on happiness and the role of mindfulness in this relation. This study examined the relationships between ACEs and happiness and whether mindfulness mediated the effects of ACEs on happiness in a sample of Chinese college students. The data were collected from 1871 college students from 12 colleges across China in September 2020. The findings of this study show that ACEs had significant negative effects on students' happiness and that mindfulness helped to substantially reduce the negative effects of ACEs on happiness. Students who experienced emotional neglect and abuse in childhood were affected the most. By contrast, this group is not the primary focus of mindfulness\u2010based interventions in existing literature; thus, this study calls for specific mindfulness\u2010based interventions for this vulnerable population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cfs.12848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T07:48:47Z","timestamp":1620719327000},"page":"677-686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Adverse childhood experiences, mindfulness and happiness in Chinese college students during the COVID\u201019 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2297-1468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chien\u2010Chung","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work Rutgers University  New Brunswick New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yafan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work Rutgers University  New Brunswick New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work Rutgers University  New Brunswick New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Administration and Policy Renmin University of China  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enjian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Humanities and Social Sciences North China Electric Power University  Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Adolescence and emerging adulthood: A cultural approach","author":"Arnett J. J.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2020.104271"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-018-0046-4","article-title":"Emotional stability and self\u2010esteem as mediators between mindfulness and happiness","volume":"20","author":"Bajaj B.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Happiness Studies: An Interdisciplinary Forum on Subjective Well\u2010Being"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clipsy.bph077"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences are associated with the risk of lung cancer: A prospective cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Brown D. W.","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.84.4.822"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mbe.12200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"Caixin. (2020).COVID\u201019 Cases in China. Retrieved on October 15 2020 fromhttps:\/\/datanews.caixin.com\/interactive\/2020\/pneumonia-h5\/#live-data"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112934"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.).Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Retrieved on October 16 2020 fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/violenceprevention\/aces\/about.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30590-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17165701"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205-015-0867-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113347"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104644"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Self\u2010determination theory: When mind mediates behavior","volume":"1","author":"Deci E. L.","year":"1980","journal-title":"The Journal of Mind and Behavior"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671-011-0074-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.125.2.276"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2007.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.11.1385"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.8.1453"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104616"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(98)00017-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1488"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","first-page":"452","article-title":"Determinants of happiness in undergraduate university students","volume":"49","author":"Flynn D. M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"College Student Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0205808"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","volume-title":"Trauma and recovery","author":"Herman J. L.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","volume-title":"In China, where the pandemic began, life is starting to look \u2026 Normal","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez J. C.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-012-9474-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018555"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2010.09.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2019.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(17)30118-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-009-9171-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-012-0311-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","volume-title":"Global map","author":"Johns Hopkins University","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clipsy.bpg016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17439760802303044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671-012-0132-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20624"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2011.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2017.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17113933"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2017.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/chso.12256"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.131.6.803"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006824100041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5590\/JOSC.2017.09.1.03"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","volume-title":"How China brought almost 200 million students back","author":"Nierenberg A.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.0757"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adsp.12007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-006-9023-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671-010-0011-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2263-5_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17144924"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-016-9444-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.2016.44.8.1297"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","volume-title":"A timeline of the coronavirus pandemic","author":"Taylor D. B.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.4.615"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpr.12103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-011-9531-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1069072717751441"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051729"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2013.12.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","volume-title":"Psychology: Mind, brain, and culture","author":"Westen D.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-011-9304-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15425"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104658"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12671-013-0260-4"}],"container-title":["Child &amp; Family Social Work"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cfs.12848","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/cfs.12848","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cfs.12848","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T10:45:38Z","timestamp":1693305938000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cfs.12848"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cfs.12848"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cfs.12848","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1356-7500","1365-2206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1356-7500","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2206","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-11-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}