{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:32:10Z","timestamp":1790775130368,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]],"date-time":"2013-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Congenital Anomalies"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thiamazole, an anti\u2010hyperthyroidism agent, was administered orally to pregnant cynomolgus monkeys at doses of 2.0 and 3.5\u2009mg\/kg per day from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GD<\/jats:styled-content> 120 to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GD<\/jats:styled-content> 150 to investigate effects on behavioral development of their infants. Swelling of the throat region due to enlargement of the thyroid glands was observed at birth in thiamazole\u2010treated infants, and it returned to normal around postnatal day (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PND<\/jats:styled-content>) 30. At necropsy of infants at 12 months of age, thyroidal weight in the thiamazole groups was increased. This finding suggested the likelihood that administration of thiamazole to maternal animals during the late gestational period induced thyroid goiter in fetal\/infant monkeys through placental transfer of thiamazole. No clear changes were noted in thyroid histopathology or serum thyroid hormone levels in maternal animals or infants, but goiter formation might have been indicative of exposure to high thyroid stimulating hormone (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSH)<\/jats:styled-content> and low <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T3<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T4<\/jats:styled-content>\u2005<jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> from maternal treatment with thiamazole. Age\u2010related changes were observed in the control in behavioral development tests, while infants at 3.5\u2009mg\/kg showed no age\u2010related decrease in contact behavior and no increase in exploratory activity on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PND<\/jats:styled-content> 90 or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PND<\/jats:styled-content> 170. In addition, the number of eye contacts between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PND<\/jats:styled-content> 210 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PND<\/jats:styled-content> 240 was less frequent. This indicated that maternal exposure to thiamazole induced mental retardation\u2010like behaviors in infants. Thiamazole may directly inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis in the fetus by placental transfer. From these results, it was speculated that oral administration of thiamazole to maternal animals during the late gestational period induced retardation of behavioral development in their infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cga.12024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,31]],"date-time":"2013-05-31T14:21:43Z","timestamp":1370010103000},"page":"149-154","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of maternal exposure to thiamazole on behavioral development in infant cynomolgus monkeys"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Ayumi","family":"Inoue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Safety Research Laboratories Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories (SNBL), Ltd  Kagoshima Japan"},{"name":"Division of Biomodeling Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya University  Nagoya 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