{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T03:50:50Z","timestamp":1790049050367,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,21]],"date-time":"2013-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Genetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>\n<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FMR1<\/jats:styled-content>\n<\/jats:italic> premutation carriers are common in the general population (1\/130\u2013260 females and 1\/250\u2013810 males) and can be affected by fragile X\u2010associated tremor ataxia syndrome, fragile X\u2010associated primary ovarian insufficiency, anxiety, depression, hypertension, sleep apnea, fibromyalgia, and hypothyroidism. Here we report the results of a pilot study to assess the prevalence and risk of migraine in <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FMR1<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> premutation carriers. Three hundred fifteen carriers (203 females; 112 males) and 154 controls (83 females; 71 males) were seen sequentially as part of a family study. A standardized medical history, physical examination and confirmation of diagnosis of migraine headaches were performed by a physician. The prevalence of migraine was 54.2% in female carriers (mean age\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>: 49.60\/13.73) and 26.79% in male carriers (mean age\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>: 59.94\/14.27). This prevalence was higher compared to female (25.3%; mean age\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>: 47.60\/15.21; p\u2009=\u2009 0.0001) and male controls (15.5%; mean age\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>; 53.88\/13.31; p\u2009=\u2009 0.0406) who underwent the same protocol and were confirmed to be negative for the <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FMR1<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> mutation by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> testing. We hypothesize that the increased prevalence of migraine headaches in <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FMR1<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> premutation carriers is likely related to the mitochondrial abnormalities that have recently been reported. Screening for migraine should be considered when evaluating <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FMR1<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> premutation carriers in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.12109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T18:03:49Z","timestamp":1359741829000},"page":"546-551","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Prevalence and risk of migraine headaches in adult fragile X premutation carriers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Au","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"M.I.N.D. 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