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Hybrid capture\u2010based next\u2010generation sequencing was performed on tumor tissues from 47 TETs (39 thymomas and 8 thymic carcinomas) to detect mutations in 315 tumor\u2010associated genes. In total, 178 nonsynonymous mutations were identified, with a median of 3.79 per tumor in 47 TETs. Higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) level was more common in older TET patients, and significantly associated with the more advanced pathological type, especially in thymic carcinomas (TC) patients. The gene mutation profiles of B1\u20103, A\/AB, and TC patients varied greatly. In the actionable mutations analysis, we found 32 actionable mutations in 24 genes. Among them, <jats:italic>NFKBIA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TP53<\/jats:italic> mutations was the most frequently, which were only identified in TCs. Additionally, TCGA database analysis found that the expression of <jats:italic>NFKBIA<\/jats:italic> mRNA in the TCs were significantly higher than thymomas. TET patients with high <jats:italic>NFKBIA<\/jats:italic> expression had shorter overall survival compared with patients with low\/medium <jats:italic>NFKBIA<\/jats:italic> expression, thus providing insights to consider <jats:italic>NFKBIA<\/jats:italic> as a potential prognosis biomarker and therapeutic target in TETs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.14285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T09:30:31Z","timestamp":1671615031000},"page":"529-539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Genomic characterization of thymic epithelial tumors reveals critical genes underlying tumorigenesis and poor prognosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7978-7381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jili","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaokai","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Companion Diagnostics Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co., Ltd.  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