{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T18:55:55Z","timestamp":1790276155172,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Implant Dent Rel Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>According to literature, peri\u2010implant bone loss is minimized on implants with microthreaded neck design and internal type of abutment connection. However, most clinical studies may be biased due to confounding factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This nonblinded RCT assessed the effect of implant neck (microthreaded vs non\u2010microthreaded) as well as the type of abutment connection (internal conical vs external flat\u2010to\u2010flat) on peri\u2010implant bone stability and peri\u2010implant health after at least 36\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010five patients were treated with a maxillary implant\u2010supported bar\u2010retained overdenture on four different implant types: internal connection with microthreads (I\u2010MT), internal connection without microthreads (I\u2010NMT), external connection with microthreads (E\u2010MT), and external connection without microthreads (E\u2010NMT). To control confounding factors, all other design features were similar. A linear mixed\u2010model analysis or mixed\u2010model logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effect of implant type on bone level, probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, and plaque.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four out of 98 implants (4.1%) placed in 25 patients failed during provisionalization and were replaced. Mean overall bone loss after 6\u00a0months was 0.39\u2009mm (SD 0.62, range 0.00\u20133.48) with limited additional bone loss of 0.04\u2009mm (SD 0.54, range \u22121.80\u20131.63) after at least 3\u2009years. Microthreads or connection type had no effect on the bone level, probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, nor plaque.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>With 96% of implant survival, the maxillary overdenture supported with a bar on four implants yield a predictable outcome and the implant\u2013abutment connection type (internal vs external) and implant neck design (microthreaded vs non\u2010microthreaded) have no influence on peri\u2010implant bone remodeling after initial bone remodeling nor up to 4\u2009years of function. Peri\u2010implant bone levels are within international success standards and peri\u2010implant health is indicative of absence of peri\u2010implantitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.13037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T11:16:01Z","timestamp":1628680561000},"page":"671-679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Four\u2010implant\u2010supported overdenture treatment in the maxilla. Part I: A randomized controlled split mouth trial assessing the effect of microthreads and abutment connection type on 4\u2009years peri\u2010implant health"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6728-7873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ron","family":"Doornewaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology &amp; Oral Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Dental School, Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Radboud University Medical Center Radboud Institute for Health Sciences  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samir","family":"Sakani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Dental School, Ghent University  Ghent 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