{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T23:31:12Z","timestamp":1789255872865,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Implant Dent Rel Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objectives were to characterize clinico\u2010pathologically a large series of peri\u2010implant peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG), and investigate the role of foreign material as a possible etiological factor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was retrospective, conducted on peri\u2010implant specimens submitted for histology between 2005 and 2021.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three hundred and thirty\u2010five peri\u2010implant biopsies were retrieved, of which 52 (15.5%) were PGCG. The study population included 28\u2009females and 24\u2009males, age 35\u201392\u2009years, mean 61. 51.2% reported bone involvement. The lesion involved the margins of the specimen in 65.3%, recurrence was reported in 46.1%. In 58.8% the implant was removed at the same time the specimen was submitted for histopathological analysis. Small foci of black granular foreign material were observed in 53.8% of cases of which 67.8% were birefringent under polarized light. The foreign material granules were not ingested inside multinucleated giant cells, but were scattered in the stromal compartment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peri\u2010implant PGCG is locally aggressive, with frequent bone involvement and high recurrence rate, resulting in implant loss in the majority of cases. The high recurrence rate may be related to conservative or inadequate surgery. Foreign material although common does not seem to have a role in its development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.13063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T08:23:43Z","timestamp":1641284623000},"page":"133-137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Peripheral giant cell granuloma associated with dental implants: Case\u2010series"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Samar","family":"Abofoul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Imaging, Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine Tel\u2010Aviv University  Tel\u2010Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayelet Zlotogorski","family":"Hurvitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Imaging, Goldschleger School 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