{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T12:08:10Z","timestamp":1780056490162,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Implant Dent Rel Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the effects of sterilization, conditioning method, and thermal aging on the retentive strength of two\u2010piece zirconia abutments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 128 stock zirconia abutments were divided into four groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200932) according to the conditioning parameters: (A) air\u2010abrasion using 50\u2009\u03bcm alumina particles\/1.0\u2009bar, (B) 50\u2009\u03bcm\/2.0\u2009bar, (C) 100\u2009\u03bcm\/1.0\u2009bar, and (D) 100\u2009\u03bcm\/2.0\u2009bar. All abutments were bonded onto titanium bases using DTK adhesive resin and stored in water bath (37\u00b0C) for 72\u2009h. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916), group 1 was disinfected, whereas group 2 followed disinfection and autoclave sterilization. Half of the specimens of each subgroup (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>&amp;amp;#x02009;=&amp;amp;#x02009;8) was directly subjected to the axial retention test (groups N), while the other half was first subjected to 150&amp;amp;#x02009;days of thermocycling followed by retention test (groups T). Statistical analysis was performed with three\u2010way ANOVA, additional statistical analysis was performed by using separate one\u2010way ANOVAs followed by the Tukey's post\u2010hoc test for post hoc pairwise comparisons among groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The highest median retention strength was recorded for group B2N (1390\u2009N), whereas the lowest strength was recorded for group C1T (688\u2009N). No significant interaction (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2265\u20090.05) was detected between the different variables; conditioning method, sterilization, and the thermal cycling regarding the effect on the resulting retention. However, the sterilization always showed a positive effect. Thermocycling presented an adversely significant effect only in the absence of sterilization (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), with the exception of subgroups A. For the sterilized groups, thermocycling had no statistically significant effect on the retention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Steam autoclaving increased the retention of hybrid zirconia abutments. DTK adhesive resin for two\u2010piece zirconia abutments performed well after sterilization and thermocycling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.13332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T07:19:40Z","timestamp":1714375180000},"page":"679-687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of sterilization, conditioning, and thermal aging on the retention of zirconia hybrid abutments: A laboratory study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3276-018X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nalah","family":"Alghanaim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry Christian\u2010Albrechts University  Kiel Germany"},{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0378-9698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Kern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry Christian\u2010Albrechts University  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6317-994X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Yazigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry Christian\u2010Albrechts University  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1223-968X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Sad","family":"Chaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry Christian\u2010Albrechts University  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"30","article-title":"Outcome analysis of implant restorations located in the anterior maxilla: a review of the recent literature","volume":"19","author":"Belser UC","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac 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