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BpNcCaP)\/hyaluronic acid (HA) composite gel in vertical bone augmentation in beagle dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four Beagle dogs were used in this study. Three months after the extraction of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th premolars at both sides of the lower jaws of Beagle dogs, one or two critical\u2010size vertical bone defects (4\u2009mm vertical bone defect without buccal and lingual bone) on each side\u00a0were surgically created. The defects were randomly subjected to the following groups: (1) Control (without bone\u2010defect\u2010filling materials); (2) 3D scaffold; (3) BMP2\u2010inc. BpNcCaP\/HA\u2010functionalized 3D scaffold. Six weeks post\u2010surgery, samples were harvested and subjected to micro\u2010CT and histomorphometric analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The struts of the BMP2\u2010inc. BpNcCaP\/HA\u2010func. 3D scaffold were covered by a thick layer of cemented irregular particles with an average pore size at 327\u2009\u00b1\u200927\u2009\u03bcm. The BpNcCaP\/HA\u2010func. 3D scaffold group bore significantly higher bone volume, bone volume fraction, trabecular number, trabecular thickness, bone mineral density, connectivity density, and bone volumes in three directions (mesiodistal, buccolingual, and apicocoronal) when compared with the groups of Control and 3D scaffold. Moreover, the BMP2\u2010inc. BpNcCaP\/HA\u2010func. 3D scaffold group bore significantly lower trabecular separation and exhibited significantly higher bone\u2010to\u2010scaffold contact percentage and newly formed bone area percentage within pores in comparison with 3D scaffold.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BMP2\u2010inc. BpNcCaP\/HA\u2010func. 3D scaffold dramatically enhanced vertical alveolar bone augmentation, which suggests a promising application potential of BMP2\u2010inc. BpNcCaP\/HA\u2010func. 3D scaffold in dental clinic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.13408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]],"date-time":"2024-10-31T04:48:57Z","timestamp":1730350137000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Osteoinductively Functionalized\n                    <scp>3D<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Printed Scaffold for Vertical Bone Augmentation in Beagle Dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8923-7742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9783-5378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaoli","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School\/Hospital of Stomatology Zhejiang Chinese Medical University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuankai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Savid School of Stomatology Hangzhou Medical College  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7942-8533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tymour","family":"Forouzanfar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)  Leiden The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junwei","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology Zhejiang Chinese Medical University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulei","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenxi","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)  Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Hangzhou Huibo Science and Technology Co. 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Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8941-2500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Savid School of Stomatology Hangzhou Medical College  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4561-8731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiyan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Savid School of Stomatology Hangzhou Medical College  Hangzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Implantology Hangzhou Stomatology Hospital  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"S631","article-title":"Biomimetic Coatings for Bone Tissue Engineering of Critical\u2010Sized Defects","volume":"7","author":"Liu Y.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society Interface"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13098"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-021-00593-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2004.00999.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.5031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5037\/jomr.2023.14201"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.4996"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2019.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/09-172"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-018-0352-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001420"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40824-019-0157-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-016-1678-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms150610150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874764711104030153"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2015.0357"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.920696"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198604000-00036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181cb63a3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-021-00684-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0000000000000713"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2198"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14020238"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-28779-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13558"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13111"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","first-page":"243","article-title":"Vertical Ridge Augmentation Using Xenogenous Bone Blocks: A Histomorphometric Study in Dogs","volume":"24","author":"Rothamel D.","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0000000000000713"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Preparation of Calcified Tissues for Light Microscopy","volume":"1","author":"Schenk R. 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