{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T15:52:47Z","timestamp":1788018767058,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12472301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12472301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12332019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12332019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L252160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L252160"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016834","name":"Chongqing Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024QNXM013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024QNXM013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016834","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002865","name":"Chongqing Municipal Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSTB2023TIAD\u2010KPX0054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2023TIAD\u2010KPX0054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Implant Dent Rel Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess and compare the effectiveness of different bone grafting techniques, including unmasked meshes and graft\u2010masked meshes approaches, for augmenting alveolar bone defects using 3D\u2010printed titanium mesh (3D\u2010TM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective study included 34 patients (69 teeth with alveolar bone defects) who underwent guided bone regeneration (GBR) using 3D\u2010printed titanium mesh (3D\u2010TM). Patients were assigned to two groups: the unmasked meshes group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200917, 34 treatment sites) and the graft\u2010masked meshes group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200917, 35 treatment sites). Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data of pre\u2010 and post\u2010operative 3D\u2010TM implantation were digitally reconstructed, with a minimum 6\u2010month follow\u2010up period. Clinical outcomes included titanium mesh exposure rates, pseudo\u2010periosteum rates, and osteogenic efficiency metrics such as bone volume, vertical bone height\/width, and bone contour. Bone volume was analyzed using samples\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010tests, vertical bone height\/width was analyzed using a generalized estimating equations (GEE) model, and bone contour was analyzed using the Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      test. Categorical outcomes were evaluated via Fisher's exact probability test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Clinical complications analysis revealed distinct outcomes between the two groups. Titanium mesh exposure occurred in 7 cases overall, with no statistically significant difference between the unmasked meshes group (5\/17, 29.4%) and the graft\u2010masked meshes group (2\/17, 11.8%) (Fisher's exact test,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.398). In contrast, pseudo\u2010periosteum demonstrated a significant discrepancy, observed in 14\/17 cases (82.4%) in the unmasked meshes group compared to 4\/17 cases (23.5%) in the graft\u2010masked meshes group (Fisher's exact test,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). Notably, no infections occurred in either group. Analysis of osteogenic efficacy revealed significant intergroup differences in bone volume ratio (Independent samples\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test, df\u2009=\u200932,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), vertical bone height ratio, and width ratio (GEE, df\u2009=\u20091,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and bone contour accuracy at the minimum and 25% percentiles (Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      test,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). No significant differences were observed at the 50%, 75% percentile, or maximum value.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The graft\u2010masked meshes technique in 3D\u2010TM guided bone regeneration surgery is a reliable and effective method for augmenting alveolar bone defects. This method effectively reduces procedure\u2010related complications, including titanium mesh exposure and pseudo\u2010periosteum, thereby improving osteogenic efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.70099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:37:34Z","timestamp":1761709054000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reduced Surgical Complications in Graft\u2010Masked\n                    <scp>3D<\/scp>\n                    Ti Mesh for Alveolar Augmentation: A Retrospective Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering Education Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Innovation and Transformation of Advanced Medical Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, National Medical Innovation Platform for Industry\u2010Education Integration in Advanced Medical Devices (Interdiscipline of Medicine and Engineering), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine Beihang University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7792-9887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering Education Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical  Chongqing China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Innovation and Transformation of Advanced Medical Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, National Medical Innovation Platform for Industry\u2010Education Integration in Advanced Medical Devices (Interdiscipline of Medicine and Engineering), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine Beihang University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingling","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Innovation and Transformation of Advanced Medical Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, National Medical Innovation Platform for Industry\u2010Education Integration in Advanced Medical Devices (Interdiscipline of Medicine and Engineering), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine Beihang University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunjuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering Education Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liya","family":"Ai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Innovation and Transformation of Advanced Medical Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, National Medical Innovation Platform for Industry\u2010Education Integration in Advanced Medical Devices (Interdiscipline of Medicine and Engineering), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine Beihang University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5365-6033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Apicella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Advanced Materials Lab University of Campania  Aversa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yubo","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Innovation and Transformation of Advanced Medical Devices, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, National Medical Innovation Platform for Industry\u2010Education Integration in Advanced Medical Devices (Interdiscipline of Medicine and Engineering), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine Beihang University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.14350"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13673"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medntd"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Individualized CAD\/CAM\u2010Produced Titanium Scaffolds for Alveolar Bone Augmentation: A Retrospective Analysis of Dehiscence Events in Relation to 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