{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T11:58:30Z","timestamp":1718625510724},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,29]],"date-time":"2012-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Oral Implants Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of all\u2010ceramic crowns over zirconia abutments is a well\u2010established esthetic treatment option in implant dentistry; however, the effect of the mechanical processing due to abutment preparation has not been investigated under functional loading. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of the zirconia abutment preparation depth and preparation mode on the fracture strength and fracture mode of lithium disilicate crowns after chewing simulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy single implant\u2010supported lithium disilicate glass\u2010ceramic crowns (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IPS<\/jats:styled-content> e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) were adhesively cemented (Multilink Automix, Ivoclar Vivadent) onto zirconia abutments (ZirDesign, Astra Tech) using implants with a diameter of 4.5\u00a0mm and a length of 15.0\u00a0mm (Osseospeed, Astra Tech). Study design concerned the replacement of a maxillary central incisor (11.0\u00a0mm in height and 8.0\u00a0mm in width). Subgroups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a07) were subjected to dynamic loading (C) up to 1.2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> loading cycles at 135\u00b0 with 98N in a thermomechanical chewing simulator (Kausimulator, Willytech); followed by quasi\u2010static loading at a cross\u2010head speed of 0.5\u00a0mm\/min until fracture in a universal testing machine (Z010\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TN<\/jats:styled-content>2S, Zwick). Additional subgroups were also subjected to quasi\u2010static loading (S) at 135\u00b0. Lithium disilicate implant crowns were divided into five study groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a014) according to the abutment preparation depth [A (control): 0.5\u00a0mm, B: 0.7\u00a0mm, C: 0.9\u00a0mm, and preparation mode [(No label): milling by the manufacturer, (P): copy\u2010milling by the Celay System (Mikrona)].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All specimens survived dynamic loading and mean fracture strengths (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>) after quasi\u2010static loading were as follows: Group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SA<\/jats:styled-content>: 384\u00a0\u00b1\u00a084; Group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CA<\/jats:styled-content>: 403\u00a0\u00b1\u00a067; Group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SB<\/jats:styled-content>: 294\u00a0\u00b1\u00a095; Group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CB<\/jats:styled-content>: 374\u00a0\u00b1\u00a075; Group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content>: 332\u00a0\u00b1\u00a052; Group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CC<\/jats:styled-content>: 373\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0105; Group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPB<\/jats:styled-content>: 332\u00a0\u00b1\u00a080; Group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPB<\/jats:styled-content>: 499\u00a0\u00b1\u00a091; Group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPC<\/jats:styled-content>: 380\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0101; and Group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPC<\/jats:styled-content>: 358\u00a0\u00b1\u00a054.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Statistical analysis using multiple linear regression showed that both the preparation depth and mode had no influence on the fracture strength of the implant crowns (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05); however, fracture strength increased statistically significantly after 5\u00a0years chewing simulation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,30]],"date-time":"2012-10-30T01:32:52Z","timestamp":1351560772000},"page":"675-682","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Influence of zirconia abutment preparation on the fracture strength of single implant lithium disilicate crowns after chewing simulation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Miltiadis","family":"Mitsias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics Propaedeutics and Dental Materials School of Dentistry Christian\u2010Albrechts University at Kiel Kiel Germany"},{"name":"Private Practice Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Spiridon\u2010Oumvertos","family":"Koutayas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics School of Dentistry Albert\u2010Ludwig University 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