{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T19:48:13Z","timestamp":1780602493861,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,19]],"date-time":"2016-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1458345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Oral Implants Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study set out to make antibiograms of positive bacteria cultures in samples collected when performing maxillary sinus elevations to determine a specific and effective antibiotic in each case.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 174 patients (90 women and 84 men) with a mean age of 55.92\u00a0years underwent 227 sinus elevations. As the membrane was lifted, a sample was collected from the maxillary sinus floor with a cotton swab and placed on a blood agar and chocolate agar culture to incubate for 48\u00a0h at 37\u00b0; the samples then underwent microbiological analysis. Antibiograms were made for each positive culture to identify the most sensitive antibiotic, which were regrouped according to their mechanism of action as: beta\u2010lactam (penicillins), beta\u2010lactam (cephalosporins), macrolides, quinolones, fosfomycin, aminoglycosides, or trimethoprim\u2010sulfamethoxazole.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 227 cultures, 18.1% were bacteria\u2010positive. Of the germs, 45% were of the <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> genus, most of which belonged to the <jats:italic>Streptococcus viridans<\/jats:italic> group (61.1%). The germs studied showed greater resistance to macrolides and greater sensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins, and ciprofloxacin. The antibiotics that showed the greatest efficacy were as follows: ampicillin, amoxicillin\u2013clavulanate, and ciprofloxacin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>On the basis of antibiograms of positive cultures, the antibiotics presenting the greatest efficacy against possible complications were as follows: ampicillin, amoxicillin\u2013clavulanate, and ciprofloxacin. Clinically, the antibiograms proved useful as they allowed the prescription of specific antibiotics to resolve possible postoperative sinus infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,19]],"date-time":"2016-03-19T10:35:42Z","timestamp":1458383742000},"page":"1070-1076","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The antibiotic of choice determined by antibiogram in maxillary sinus elevation surgery: a clinical study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Javier","family":"Carre\u00f1o Carre\u00f1o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry European University of Madrid Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"G\u00f3mez\u2010Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Director of Master's Program in Periodontology and Implant Dentistry Chairman of Pharmacological Research in Dentistry Group Senior Lecturer of Special Care in Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry University of Granada Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Aguilar\u2010Salvatierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacological Research in Dentistry Master of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry University of Granada Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Mart\u00ednez Corri\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Br\u00e5nemark Osseointegration Center Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9939-8394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Luisa","family":"Men\u00e9ndez L\u00f3pez\u2010Mateos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Becaria de Iniciaci\u00f3n a la Investigaci\u00f3n 2015 Faculty of Dentistry Vicerrectorado de Investigaci\u00f3n y Transferencia University of Granada Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9886-2167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Men\u00e9ndez\u2010N\u00fa\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry University of Granada Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"CD001830","article-title":"Antibiotics for acute maxillary sinusitis","volume":"4","author":"Ahovuo\u2010Saloranta A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"81","article-title":"A clinical study of the outcomes and complications associated with maxillary sinus augmentation","volume":"21","author":"Barone A.","year":"2006","journal-title":"The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"526","article-title":"Diseases of the accessory sinuses of the nose, and an improved method of treatment of suppuration of the maxillary antrum","volume":"58","author":"Caldwell G.W.","year":"1893","journal-title":"The New York Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12757"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"A comparison of two techniques to augment maxillary sinuses using the lateral window approach: rigid synthetic resorbable barriers versus anorganic bovine bone. 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