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Articles were included if they were human clinical trials or case series reporting outcomes of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GBR<\/jats:styled-content> procedures with and without membrane exposure. A random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis was conducted, and the weighted mean difference (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content>) between the two groups and 95% confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) were reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, eight articles were included in the quantitative analysis. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content> of the horizontal bone gain at edentulous ridges was \u221276.24% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a0\u2212137.52% to \u221214.97%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.01) between sites with membrane exposure and without exposure. In addition, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content> of the dehiscence reduction at peri\u2010implant sites was \u221227.27% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> of \u221245.87% to \u22128.68%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.004). Both analyses showed significantly favorable outcomes at the sites without membrane exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Based on the findings of this study, membrane exposure after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GBR<\/jats:styled-content> procedures has a significant detrimental influence on the outcome of bone augmentation. For the edentulous ridges, the sites without membrane exposure achieved 74% more horizontal bone gain than the sites with exposure. For peri\u2010implant dehiscence defects, the sites without membrane exposure had 27% more defect reduction than the sites with exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,25]],"date-time":"2018-01-25T04:28:50Z","timestamp":1516854530000},"page":"328-338","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":190,"title":["Effect of membrane exposure on guided bone regeneration: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences Marquette University School of Dentistry  Milwaukee WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Dodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences Marquette University School of Dentistry  Milwaukee WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Luepke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences Marquette University School of Dentistry  Milwaukee WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4238-1799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hom\u2010Lay","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Periodontics Department of Periodontics &amp; Oral Medicine University of Michigan School of Dentistry  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Kapila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orofacial Sciences School of Dentistry University of California San Francisco  San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1290-9994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guo\u2010Hao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences Marquette University School of Dentistry  Milwaukee WI USA"},{"name":"Department of Orofacial Sciences School of Dentistry University of California San Francisco  San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0b013e31824ee3e9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1990.010104.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1999.100404.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12171"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1994.65.9.881"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_7_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Microbiologic and clinical study of polytetrafluoroethylene membranes for guided bone regeneration around implants","volume":"10","author":"Nowzari H.","year":"1995","journal-title":"The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01408.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_9_1","first-page":"857","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of a bilayered collagen membrane (bio\u2010gide) supported by autografts in the treatment of bone defects around implants","volume":"16","author":"Tawil G.","year":"2001","journal-title":"The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1985.56.4.195"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2001.120612.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2005.01234.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_5_1","first-page":"387","article-title":"The time technique: A new method for localized alveolar ridge augmentation prior to placement of dental implants","volume":"11","author":"Arx T.","year":"1996","journal-title":"The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1999.100104.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1563\/1548-1336(2001)027<0287:LRAUTM>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_8_1","first-page":"357","article-title":"Implant placement in three\u2010dimensional grafts in the anterior jaw","volume":"21","author":"Bahat O.","year":"2001","journal-title":"The International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_9_1","first-page":"88","article-title":"Evaluation of a high\u2010density polytetrafluoroethylene (n\u2010PTFE) membrane as a barrier material to facilitate guided bone regeneration in the rat mandible","volume":"21","author":"Bartee B. 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