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Reparative mesenchymal stem cells in the pristine bone and graft were also evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>For this prospective case series, sinus augmentation was performed using a biphasic \u00df\u2010tricalcium phosphate. After 6\u00a0months of healing, a core of remnant native alveolar bone and grafted bone was collected with a trephine. Histological, histomorphometrical, and immunohistochemical techniques were performed. Radiological analysis through cone beam computerized tomography was also conducted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 10 patients were enrolled in this study. Radiologically, patients showed an average increase of crestal bone of 8.03\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.72\u00a0mm. Morphologically, the grafted area was composed by 34.93\u00a0\u00b1\u00a014.68% of new mineralized tissue, 9.82\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011.42% of remnant biomaterial particles, and 55.23\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011.03% non\u2010mineralized tissue. Histologically, we found no differences in the number of osteocytes per mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.674), osteoblasts (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.893), and blood vessels (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.894) in the grafted area compared to the pristine bone. Differences were found on the number of osteoclasts (15.57\u00a0\u00b1\u00a027.50 vs. 5.37\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016.12, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.027). The number of Musashi\u20101 positive mesenchymal cells (239.61\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0177.4 vs. 42.11\u00a0\u00b1\u00a052.82, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.027) was also significantly higher in the grafted area than in the pristine bone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biphasic \u00df\u2010tricalcium phosphate is a suitable biomaterial to be used in the formation of new bone in sinus floor elevation procedures in humans, not only from the histomorphometrical point of view, but also regarding the cellular and vascular quality of the regenerated bone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]],"date-time":"2019-02-27T08:55:27Z","timestamp":1551257727000},"page":"336-343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Biphasic hydroxyapatite and \u00df\u2010tricalcium phosphate biomaterial behavior in a case series of maxillary sinus augmentation in humans"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Allinson","family":"Olaechea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry Universidad Cient\u00edfica del Sur Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Mendoza\u2010Azpur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry Universidad Cient\u00edfica del Sur Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"O\u00b4Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and IBIMER, School of Medicine University of Granada Granada Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Universidad de Granada Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6222-1341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Padial\u2010Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry University of Granada Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natividad","family":"Martin\u2010Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and IBIMER, School of Medicine University of Granada Granada Spain"},{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry University of Granada Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6614-6470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Galindo\u2010Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry University of Granada Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860100282"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.090686"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"247","volume-title":"Osteology Guidelines for Oral & Maxillofacial Regeneration: Clinical Research","author":"Avila\u2010Ortiz G.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.10.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2008.01502.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2009.01733.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2008.06.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5051\/jpis.2011.41.2.98"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.11.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","article-title":"Sinus floor elevation using particulate PLGA\u2010coated biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft substitutes: A prospective histological and radiological study","volume":"21","author":"Flichy\u2010Fern\u00e1ndez A. 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