{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T22:12:42Z","timestamp":1761948762852,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]],"date-time":"2021-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Oral Implants Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>A novel implant design, the rectangular block implant (RBI), was investigated as a possible solution to the restoration of the posterior resorbed ridge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To maximally load test the osseo\u2010integrated RBI in shear and tensile loads and relate these findings to known human masticatory loads as biomechanical proof of the study concept.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve RBIs were design\u2010manufactured and placed into posterior mandibular saddles in 3\u00a0mature greyhound dogs.\u20142 per left and right. After 12\u00a0weeks of healing, osseo\u2010integration was confirmed using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and wrench torque tests. Three bone blocks each with two RBIs were dissected and mounted in acrylic. Micro\u2010computerized tomography (\u03bc\u2010CT) was performed to assess bone to implant contact (BIC), and load analysis was performed using a Universal Test System. Three force applications were conducted until failure: pull\u2010out (tensile), buccal push from the lingual (shear) and distal push from the mesial (shear). The osteotomy sites were examined using light magnification and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pull\u2010out, buccal and distal force failures occurred at differing levels. Post\u2010detachment sites showed complex patterns of bone failure, including trabecular and cortical fracture, as well as shearing at varying distances from the BIC. Interfacial shear strength was calculated at 14.4\u00a0MPa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The osseo\u2010integrated RBIs were able to withstand simulations of the demanding axially, bucco\u2010lingually and mesio\u2010distally oriented biomechanical challenges of the posterior saddle, under conditions of reduced bone volume. These values exceeded equivalent force components of maximal masticatory loads in humans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]],"date-time":"2021-10-21T06:32:41Z","timestamp":1634797961000},"page":"1274-1287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The biomechanical profile of an osseo\u2010integrated rectangular block implant: A pilot in vivo experimental study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3346-9281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efthimios","family":"Gazelakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Dental School University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roy B.","family":"Judge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics Melbourne Dental School University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph E. A.","family":"Palamara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Restorative Dentistry Melbourne Dental School University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic. 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