{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T04:46:05Z","timestamp":1790916365797,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Oral Implants Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare guided bone regeneration (GBR) to connective tissue graft (CTG) in terms of increase in buccal soft tissue profile (BSP) at three\u2010year follow\u2010up when applied at the buccal aspect of single implant sites demonstrating a minor horizontal alveolar defect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with a single tooth gap in the anterior maxilla and horizontal alveolar defect were enrolled in a single\u2010blind RCT. All sites had a bucco\u2010palatal bone dimension of at least 6\u00a0mm, received a single implant at least 3\u00a0months after tooth removal and were randomly allocated to the control (GBR) or test group (CTG) to re\u2010establish buccal soft tissue convexity. Primary outcome was linear increase in BSP, meaning increase at the buccal aspect of the implant, based on superimposed digital surface models. Secondary outcomes were buccal bone and buccal soft tissue thickness, aesthetic and clinical parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010one patients were included per group at baseline. After three years, three patients in the GBR group and four in the CTG group were not willing to return for re\u2010assessment. Hence, the final sample included 9 females\/9\u00a0males (mean age 52) in the GBR group and 8 females \/ 9\u00a0males in the CTG group (mean age 49). The changes in BSP over time were not significantly different between GBR and CTG (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.629). At three years, sites treated with GBR demonstrated 1.06\u00a0mm (95% CI: 0.83; 1.28) increase in BSP, whereas sites treated with CTG showed 0.99\u00a0mm (95% CI: 0.65; 1.35) increase in BSP (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.699) compared to baseline. There were no significant differences between the groups for any of the parameters except for Mucosal Scarring Index, which was 1.63 (95% CI: 0.73; 2.53) lower for CTG (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002) at study termination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no significant difference in linear increase in BSP between GBR and CTG after three years. Hence, clinical decision\u2010making should be based on other factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,20]],"date-time":"2022-02-20T13:43:02Z","timestamp":1645364582000},"page":"461-471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A randomized controlled trial comparing guided bone regeneration to connective tissue graft to re\u2010establish buccal convexity at dental implant sites: Three\u2010year results"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6428-233X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eline","family":"Bouckaert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Sciences, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"De Bruyckere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Sciences, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aryan","family":"Eghbali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Sciences, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Oral Health Research Group (ORHE) Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faris","family":"Younes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Sciences, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Retief","family":"Wessels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Sciences, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5042-2875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Cosyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Sciences, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"123","article-title":"Comparison of variable\u2010thread tapered implant designs to a standard tapered implant design after immediate loading. 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