{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T01:35:27Z","timestamp":1791941727466,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]],"date-time":"2022-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018992","name":"Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018992","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Oral Implants Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify titanium particles (TPs) in biopsy specimens harvested from peri\u2010implantitis lesions and secondarily to study the histopathological characteristics in peri\u2010implantitis compared to periodontitis, in order to evaluate whether the presence of TPs could alter respective inflammatory patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biopsies containing granulation tissue were harvested during routine surgical treatment in 39 peri\u2010implantitis cases and 35 periodontitis controls. Serial sections were obtained using titanium\u2010free microtome blades. The first and last sections of the peri\u2010implantitis specimens were used for identification of TPs by scanning electron microscopy coupled with dispersive X\u2010ray spectrometry. Intermediate sections and periodontitis specimens were processed for descriptive histological study using haematoxylin\u2013eosin staining and for immunohistochemical analysis using CD68, IL\u20106, Nf\u2010kB and VEGF markers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TPs were identified in all peri\u2010implantitis specimens as free metal bodies interspersed within granulation tissue. However, presence of macrophages or multinucleated giant cells engulfing the TPs were not identified in any specimen. Peri\u2010implantitis granulations were characterized by a chronic inflammatory infiltrate rich in neutrophils. About half of peri\u2010implantitis patients exhibited a subacute infiltrate characterized with lymphocytes interweaved with neutrophils and eosinophils. When compared to periodontitis, peri\u2010implantitis tissues showed higher proportions of macrophages and a more intense neovascularization, based on significantly higher expression of CD68 and VEGF respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TPs were identified in all peri\u2010implantitis specimens, but without evidencing any foreign body reaction suggestive for direct pathological effects of TPs. The peri\u2010implantitis granulation tissue was characterized by intense neovascularization and presence of a chronic inflammatory infiltrate dominated by plasma cells, neutrophils and macrophages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T15:03:37Z","timestamp":1648479817000},"page":"656-666","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Study on the immunopathological effect of titanium particles in peri\u2010implantitis granulation tissue: A case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7093-7956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mia","family":"Rakic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Odontologia, Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group Universidad Complutense de Madrid  Madrid 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